The Second War with England, Vol. 1 of 2Headley, Joel Tyler
History
The Second War with England, Vol. 1 of 2
Headley, Joel Tyler
United States -- History -- War of 1812
With the failure of General Dearborn to invade Canada from the New
York frontier, and more especially with the lakes entirely under the
control of the enemy, his campaign, according to all human
calculations, must prove a failure. Detroit must fall, and Michigan be
given up to the enemy. The only chance by which this catastrophe could
have been prevented, was offered by General Brock when he crossed the
river to storm Detroit. If Hull had possessed a spark of genius or
military knowledge, he would have seen in this rash movement of his
enemy, the avenue opened for his release, and the sure precursor of
his fortunes. With that broad river cutting off its retreat, the
British army would have been overthrown; provisions and arms obtained,
and the enemy received a check which in all probability would have
enabled Hull to sustain himself till reinforcements arrived. But he
had made up his mind to surrender, and thus save Detroit from the
cruelties of the savage, and the enemy could not commit a blunder of
sufficient magnitude to arouse his hopes and spur him into
resistance; and having scarcely heard the report of his guns from
first to last, he veiled the banner of his country in the dust.
This explanation of his conduct would correspond more with his former
life, than to admit the charge of either treason or cowardice, and be
perfectly satisfactory, but for the _mode_ of his surrender. There is
a mystery here, that neither General Hull nor his friends have ever
cleared up. After having shown the imbecility of government, by which
failure became inevitable, they stop as though their task was done.
But the criminality of government being conceded, and the fall of
Detroit acknowledged to be an inevitable consequence, it does not
follow that the surrender of the army was necessary. Why, after
Colonel Miller opened the communications with supplies and
reinforcements, did not General Hull retreat at once? The enemy would
not have attempted a pursuit through that wilderness. With a rear
guard left to man the works, he could have gained two days' march,
while Detroit was able to make as good terms without him as with him.
He could have had no reason for staying, except the determination to
hold his position and defend Detroit to the last. If he had not fully
resolved to do so, the way of retreat was open, and he was bound to
occupy it; if he _had_, why did he not keep to that determination? No
new elements had entered into the struggle--no unforeseen events
occurred to affect the conclusions he had adopted. The enemy was not
in greater force than he imagined, but on the contrary, in less. He
understood the strength of his own position; his troops were never in
greater spirits; why then did he so suddenly and totally change his
purpose? It is impossible to reconcile this grievous inconsistency in
his conduct. Nor is this all that is dark and mysterious; supposing
new conditions had occurred to alter his determination, and affect the
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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