A Dervish, in Mohammedan countries, is a class of people resembling
in many respects the monks of Christendom. The dervishes are divided
into many different brotherhoods and orders. They live mostly in well
endowed convents, called Tekkije or Changah, and are under a chief
with the title of a Sheik. Some of the monks are married, and allowed
to live out of the monastery, but must sleep there some nights weekly.
Their devotional exercises consist in meetings for worship, prayers,
religious dances, and mortifications. As the convent does not provide
them with clothing, they are obliged to work more or less.
It is difficult to say when these religious orders took their rise.
From the earliest times, pious persons in the East have held it to
be meritorious to renounce earthly joys, to free themselves from the
trammels of domestic and social life, and to devote their thoughts
in poverty and retirement to the contemplation of God. In this sense,
poverty is recommended by Mohammed in the Koran. Tradition refers to
the origin of these orders to the earliest times of Islam, making the
califs Abubekr and Ali found such brotherhoods; but it is more probable
that they arose later.
Many Mohammedan princes and Turkish sultans have held dervishes in high
respect, and bestowed rich endowments on their establishments; and they
are still in high veneration with the people. The Kadris are commonly
known in the West as “the howling dervishes,” from the excited chant of
their religious services; the “dancing dervishes” are the Mevelevis.
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FAMOUS Dramatic Recitations.
[Illustration]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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