Nash, negro officeholder, 242 (note). Nation, New York, 180 (note); editorial on post-war church situation quoted, 201 (note); on corruption of government, 226. National Teachers Association meeting (1865), 208. National Union party, Republican party becomes, 70; Whigs and Douglas Democrats join, 70-71; convention at Philadelphia, 130; nominates Grant, 168. Negro Affairs, Department of, 177. Negroes, as soldiers in South, 21-22; problems of reconstruction, 34 et seq.; health conditions among, 41-42; morals and manners, 42-43; poverty, 44-45; education, 44-45, 209, 211-220; relations with whites, 47-48, 277-278; lawlessness, 48-49; suffrage, 49-52, 58, 66-67, 78, 84, 85, 134, 169, 284-285, 300-301, 304; Lincoln urges deportation of freedmen, 66; legislation concerning, 77-78, 89-90, 93-98, 115-116, 127, 141; status at close of war, 89 et seq.; Freedmen's Bureau supervises, 109; Union League and, 181 et seq.; religion, 201-206; rule in South, 221 et seq.; in Congress, 230, 242; and state offices, 242; and Ku Klux, 258; anti-negro movements, 263; labor, 266, 272; "privileges," 269; advantages, 270-271; as farmers, 271-274; change in condition during reconstruction, 274-275; mixed marriages, 276. Nelson, counsel at impeachment, 166. New England, and negro suffrage, 156, 285; Freedmen's Aid Society, 209. New Orleans, negro soldiers in, 21-22; riots in, 83, 131, 175, 237 (note); Northern teachers in, 210; public debt, 232; Federal officials at, 241. New York, charity for relief of South, 14; and negro suffrage, 156, 284. New York City, Union League organized, 177; headquarters for Union League, 181; corruption in, 282. Nordhoff, Charles, 291; The Cotton States in the Spring and Summer of 1875, cited, 232 (note). Norfolk, "contraband" camp, 36. North, free negroes of, 35-36; planters from, 49; capital and labor from, 268; change in attitude toward South, 282; politics, 291. North Carolina, negro colonies in, 36, 99; Johnson proclaims restoration of, 75; committee on laws for freedmen, 91, 92; courts, 111; negro voters, 152; Union League, 185, 186, 194; carpetbag rule, 221; public debt, 232; negro militia, 236; Democratic in 1870, 260; and enforcement acts, 261; conservatives gain control of, 290. North Carolina, University of, 216. O. Occupation, Army of, 18-22, 81; see also Army. Ohio rejects negro suffrage, 156, 285. Ord, General E. O. C., commands military division, 140 (note). Oregon, election of 1876, 297, 298. Orr, J. L., and negro education, 212. Orth, S. P., The Boss and the Machine, cited, 282 (note). P.