The settlement of Illinois, 1778-1830Boggess, Arthur Clinton
History
The settlement of Illinois, 1778-1830
Boggess, Arthur Clinton
Illinois -- History -- 1778-1865
The first legislature had few French members, and was apparently southern
in nativity.(271) After more than three years and a half of legislation by
the Governor and judges, the inhabitants at last had an elective
legislature. The journals of the two houses indicate that the belief that
had been expressed in petitions to Congress some years before that such a
body would provide an efficient government, was well founded. The laws
passed were eminently practical for the frontier conditions under which
they were to operate.(272) A man contemplating settlement in Illinois
could now be sure that he would be governed by Illinois men whom he had a
share in electing.
The rude character of the facilities for transportation is indicated by
the fact that the earlier laws of the territory deal with ferries only
rarely and with bridges not at all, while as time progresses and
population increases, ferries multiply and bridges begin to be
constructed. By 1817-18 the desire for banks and for internal
improvements, which was to be disastrous to the state at a later period,
began to show itself. As examples, the Bank of Cairo and the Illinois
Navigation Company will suffice. Nine men purchased the low peninsula
lying near the junction of the Ohio and the Mississippi, and were
incorporated by “An Act to Incorporate the City and Bank of Cairo.” A site
for a city comprising at least two thousand lots, with streets eighty feet
wide, was to be laid out. The lots were to be sold at one hundred and
fifty dollars each and were to be not less than one hundred and twenty by
sixty-six feet in size. Of the purchase money, two-thirds should go into
the stock of the Bank of Cairo, and one-third to a fund to build dykes to
keep the city from being flooded.(273) Considering the time and the
location, the scheme was utterly impracticable. “An Act to Incorporate the
Stockholders of the Illinois Navigation Company” authorized the formation
of a company with a capital of one hundred thousand dollars, for the
purpose of cutting a canal through the peninsula between the Ohio and the
Mississippi. Within twelve years a canal sufficiently large for the
passage of a vessel of twenty tons burden should be completed. The company
was given the right of eminent domain.(274) Here again the character of
the project was unsuited to existing conditions. Population was increasing
rapidly at the time these laws were passed, but they required for their
success an increase much more rapid. They were, however, pleasing to the
settlers and the prospective settlers of the day.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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