The beginning of the chapter of Cælius Aurelianus on lumbici unfortunately is lost. He mentions the usual symptoms which accompany them, namely, occasional deliquium, agitation, grinding of the teeth, change of colour, convulsions, &c. Worms are discharged by the mouth or anus, sometimes single, and at other times in great numbers rolled up in a ball; sometimes dead, and at other times alive; and they are of various colours. For ascarides he recommends when there is inflammation of the rectum an injection of oil, to which may sometimes be joined a decoction of wormwood and centaury. But if bloody scrapings of the bowels are discharged, he directs us to give a decoction of pomegranate-rind, and, if the complaint continue, equal parts of burnt paper and of arsenic, to the amount of six drs., with the infusion of plantain. Surely there must be some mistake as to the amount of the dose, for so great a quantity could not be injected with safety. When there is putrefaction he recommends an injection of salt water, with other suitable remedies. When complicated with any other disorder he properly directs us to pay attention to it; after which the animals may readily be discharged by drinking oil, or a decoction of sebesten plums (myxæ), or of liquorice: these things, he says, will obviate constriction and swelling, while by lubricating the bowels they will promote the discharge of the worms. When complicated with relaxation he recommends astringents externally and internally, such as vinegar with honey, lupine, the shavings of hart’s horn, &c. Sometimes, he says, in order to expel them we must have recourse to acrid substances, such as onions, garlic, mustard, cresses, cardamus, assafœtida dissolved in vinegar, wormwood, &c. In stating the detail of the treatment he mentions various other anthelmintics, such as the hiera of aloes, gentian, mulberries, squills, spurge, alkanet, colocynth, and scammony. All these things may be given by the mouth or in injections, with a considerable admixture of oil. For the lumbricus latus he directs, first, an emetic of oil, and next day a clyster with nitre or salt. Saltish things are also to be given in drink, with liquorice, or scammony, or polypody, &c. When the animals are discharged, to prevent a renewal of the complaint, he recommends friction, vomiting, acrid food, calefacient plasters, sinapisms, paroptesis, and the like. Pliny recommends the ashes of hart’s horn for tænia. (H. N. xxviii, 59.) Dioscorides ascribes anthelminthic properties to various acrid and bitter substances, such as garlic, cresses, fern, gith, mulberry, pomegranate rind, lupine, cabbage, nettle, hyssop, mint, calamint, wormwood, wormseed, rue, coriander, thyme, &c. Similar remedies are recommended in the ‘Euporista,’ which is falsely ascribed to him.