[193] A. Wernich, “Geographical and Medical Studies, based upon Experiences obtained in a Journey Round the World,” p. 137 (Berlin, 1878). Among the Malays of the Dutch Indies divorce is very easy; it costs only a few gulden, and is often carried out “very much to the advantage of husband and wife who are not held together by love. =But it is by no means rare for a divorced couple to remarry after a certain time=” (Ernst Haeckel, “Aus Insulinde, Malayische Reisebriefe”--“From the Indian Archipelago, Malay Letters of Travel”), p. 242 (Bonn, 1901). [194] Kuno Fischer, “History of Recent Philosophy,” vol. vii., p. 135 (Heidelberg, 1898). [195] _Cf._ in this connexion my pseudonymous work, “Rétif de la Bretonne: the Man, the Author, and the Reformer,” p. 500 (Berlin, 1906). [196] _Cf._ George Gissing’s powerful novel, “The Odd Women.”--TRANSLATOR. [197] A brief sketch of tetragamy is also given by Schopenhauer in the fragments of his “Lecture on Philosophy” (“Schopenhauer’s Legacy,” ed. Grisebach, vol. iv., pp. 405, 406), also in the manuscript books, “Pandektä” and “Spicilegia” (_op. cit._, pp. 418, 419). [198] Charles Albert, “Free Love.”--We may also allude to the more generally philosophic work by Armand Charpentier, “L’Évangile du Bonheur. Mariage. Union Libre. Amour Libre” (Paris, 1898). [199] L. Gumplowicz, “Marriage and Free Love” (Berlin, 1902, second edition). [200] In this connexion English readers will do well to consult Karl Pearson’s admirable “The Ethic of Freethought.” In the third or sociological section of that book there are numerous references to the subject of free love in relation to the economic structure of society. One of these will, however, for the present, suffice for quotation: “The economic independence of women will, for the first time, render it possible for the highest human relationship to become again a matter of pure affection, raised above every suspicion of restraint and every taint of commercialism.” It will be seen that Karl Pearson, like Albert, Gumplowicz, Bebel, and Socialists in general, believes that collectivism and the economic independence of women are indispensable preliminaries to a far-reaching reform of our sex relationships in the direction of free love.--TRANSLATOR. [201] I must here call attention to the fact that the celebrated philosopher Eugen Dühring, in his notable work, “The Value of Life,” pp. 155-158 (Leipzig, 1881, third edition), made a violent attack on the coercive marriage system, and demanded on ethical grounds a transformation of our amatory life in the direction of freedom and of personal love. [202] Edward Carpenter, “Love’s Coming-of-Age,” third edition, London, 1902. [203] Ellen Key, “Love and Marriage,” translated into German by Francis Maro (Berlin, 1904). [204] Anton Nyström, “The Sexual Life and its Laws,” pp. 244-247 (Berlin, 1904).