In Lawson's "New Orchard" (about 1616) there are instructions for
"Large walks, broad and long, close and open like the Tempe groves
in Thessaly, raised with gravel and sand, having seats and banks of
Camomile: all this delights the mind and brings health to the body."
In Shakespeare's day camomile grew in "the wild field by Richmond
Green."
"Our ordinary Camomill [says Parkinson] is well known to all to have
many small trailing branches set with very fine small leaves and
spreading thick over the ground taking root as it spreadeth; the tops
of the branches have white flowers with yellow thrums in the middle,
very like unto the Featherfew, but somewhat greater not so hard but
more soft and gentle in handling and the whole herb is to be of a very
sweet scent.
"Camomill is called _Anthemis Leucanthemis_ and _Leucanthemum_ of the
whiteness of the flowers; and _Chamœmœlum_ of the corrupted Italian
name Camomilla. Some call the naked Camomill _Chrysanthemum odoratum_.
The double Camomill is called by some _Chamœmœlum Romanum flore
multiplici_.
"Camomill is put to divers and sundry uses both for pleasure and
profit; both for inward and outward diseases, both for the sick and
the sound, in bathings to comfort and strengthen the sound and to ease
pains in the diseased. The flowers boiled in posset drink provoketh
sweat and helpeth to expel colds, aches and other griefs. A syrup made
of the juice of the double Camomill with the flowers and white wine is
used by some against jaundice and dropsy."
V
_Dian's Bud and Monk's-hood Blue_
DIAN'S BUD (_Artemesia_). This plant is nothing more nor less than
absinthe, or wormwood. It is mentioned under its poetic name by
Shakespeare in "A Midsummer Night's Dream" when _Oberon_ bids _Puck_
find him the "little purple flower called Love in Idleness," the
juice of which placed on sleeping eyelids would make man, or woman,
madly dote on the first object beheld on awakening, and with which he
intended to anoint the eyelids of the sleeping _Titania_. He also told
the mischievous sprite that the charm could be removed with another
herb--Dian's bud, the flower sacred to the goddess Diana. Later in the
play, touching the eyes of the spellbound fairy with this second herb,
_Oberon_ pronounces the following incantation:
Be as thou was wont to be,
See as thou was wont to see;
Dian's bud on Cupid's flower
Hath such force and blessed power.
From the earliest times absinthe was associated with sorcery and was
used for incantations. Pliny says the traveler who carried it about him
would never grow weary and that it would drive away any lurking devils
and counteract the evil eye. Ovid calls it _absinthium_ and speaks of
its bitterness.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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