She show'd me her ferns and woodbine sprays
Fox-glove and jasmine stars,
A mist of blue in the beds, a blaze
Of red in the celadon jars,
And velvety bees in convolvulus beds
And roses of bountiful June--
Oh, who would think that the summer spells
Could die so soon?[60]
[60] Locker-Lampson.
V
_Carnations and Gilliflowers_
CARNATIONS (_Dianthus caryophyllus_). _Perdita_ calls carnations and
streak'd gilliflowers "the fairest flowers o' the season." Carnation
was originally spelled coronation, because the flower was used to make
crowns, garlands, and wreaths. In the days of Pliny it was called
_dianthus_, or flower of Jove, and was also worn in wreaths and crowns.
From Chaucer we know that it was cultivated as the "Clove Gilliflower"
in English gardens; and because it was used to add a spicy flavor to
wine and ale, it acquired the popular name of "sops in wine." Hence
Spenser in his "Shepherd's Calendar" sings:
Bring hither the pink and purple Columbine
With Gillyflowers;
Bring Coronations and Sops-in-wine
Worn of paramours.
And again:
Youth's folk now flocken everywhere
To gather May baskets and smelling Brere,[61]
And home they hasten the posts to dight
And all the kirk pillars in daylight
With Hawthorn budes and sweet Eglantine
And garlands of Roses and Sops-in-wine.
[61] Brier.
"Its second specific name," writes Ellacombe, "_Caryophyllus_, i.e.,
nut-leaved, seems at first very inappropriate for a grassy-leaved
plant; but the name was first given to the Indian Clove tree and from
it transferred to the Carnation on account of its fine clove scent.
Its popularity as an English plant is shown by its many names--Pink,
Carnation, Gilliflower (an easily-traced and well-ascertained
corruption, from _Caryophyllus_), Clove Picotee[62] and Sops-in-wine
from the flowers being used to flavor wine and beer.
[62] From the French _picot_, a pinked edge. We still use the word
"pinked" for a cut edge, and "pinking-iron" is the word for that with
which the edge is cut.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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