The Silent Watchers: England's Navy during the Great War: What It Is, and What We Owe to ItCopplestone, Bennet
History
The Silent Watchers: England's Navy during the Great War: What It Is, and What We Owe to It
Copplestone, Bennet
Great Britain. Royal Navy; World War, 1914-1918 -- Naval operations
Upon the evening of December 8th, after the _Glasgow_ and _Cornwall_ had
disposed of the _Leipzig_, there were one English and two German
cruisers unaccounted for. The _Kent_ had last been seen chasing the
_Nürnberg_ towards the south-east, while the _Dresden_ was disappearing
over the curve of the horizon to the south. Upon the following morning
no news had come in from the _Kent_, and some anxiety was felt; it was
necessary to find her before proceeding with the pursuit of the
_Dresden_, and much valuable time was lost. It happened that during her
fight with the _Nürnberg_, which she sank in a most business-like
fashion, the _Kent’s_ aerials were shot away and she lost wireless
contact with Sturdee’s squadron. The _Glasgow_ was ordered off to search
for her, but fortunately the _Kent_ turned up on the morning of the 10th
deservedly triumphant. She had performed the great feat of catching and
sinking a vessel which on paper was much faster than herself, and she
had done it though short of coal and at the sacrifice of everything
wooden on board, including the wardroom furniture. She was compelled
with the _Glasgow_ and _Cornwall_ to return to Port Stanley for coal,
and this delay was of the utmost service to the fugitive _Dresden_.
Though the movements of that cruiser, in the interval, were not learned
until much later, it will be convenient if I give them now, so that the
situation may be made clear. The _Dresden_ had owed her escape to her
speed and to the occupation of the _Glasgow_—the only cruiser upon our
side which could catch her—with the _Leipzig_. She got clear away,
rounded the Horn on the 9th, and on December 10th entered the Cockburn
Channel on the west coast of Tierra del Fuego. At Stoll Bay she passed
the night, and her coal-bunkers being empty sent men ashore to cut
enough wood to enable her to struggle up to Punta Arenas. She ran a
great risk by making for so conspicuous a port, but she had no choice.
Coal must be obtained somehow or her number would speedily go up. She
was not entitled to get Chilean coal, for she had managed to delude the
authorities into supplying her upon five previous occasions during the
statutory period of three months. Once in three months a belligerent
warship is permitted, under the Hague Rules, to coal at the ports of a
neutral country; once she claims this privilege she is cut off from
getting more coal from the same country for three months. But the
_Dresden_ again managed, as she had already done four times before, to
secure supplies illegitimately. She coaled at Punta Arenas, remained
there for thirty-one hours—though after twenty-four hours she was
liable to internment—and left at 10 p.m. on the 13th. It was this
disregard for the Hague Rules which led to the destruction of the
_Dresden_ in Chilean territorial waters at Juan Fernandez three months
later. We held that she had broken international law deliberately many
times, she was no longer entitled to claim its protection. She could not
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