XVIII. Manners in the Country 139 XIX. Sir Roger at the Assizes 143 XX. The Education of an Heir 148 XXI. Whigs and Tories 155 XXII. Whigs and Tories--_continued_ 160 XXIII. Sir Roger and the Gipsies 165 XXIV. The Spectator decides to Return to London 170 XXV. The Journey to London 174 XXVI. Sir Roger and Sir Andrew in Argument 179 XXVII. Sir Roger in London 185 XXVIII. Sir Roger in Westminster Abbey 190 XXIX. Sir Roger at the Play 195 XXX. Will Honeycomb's Experiences 200 XXXI. Sir Roger at Vauxhall 205 XXXII. Death of Sir Roger 209 XXXIII. Captain Sentry as Master of Coverley Hall 213 NOTES 217 INTRODUCTION I. STEELE AND ADDISON On the morning of the 12th of April, 1709, there was laid upon all the coffee-house tables of London the first number of a double-column sheet in small folio, entitled _The Tatler, or the Lucubrations of Isaac Bickerstaff_. _The Tatler_ was to be issued thrice a week, on Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Saturdays, and could be bought for the moderate price of one penny. The pseudonym Isaac Bickerstaff had been made familiar all over London, some months before, by an admirable jest played by Dr. Swift upon a notorious almanac maker and quack astrologer, one Partridge. Swift, writing over the signature of Bickerstaff, had gravely predicted that Partridge would infallibly die at a certain day and hour, and in another pamphlet had given a circumstantial account of his decease; while poor Partridge convulsed the town with frantic protestations that he was still alive. But the editor of _The Tatler_ who now assumed this name of Bickerstaff was not Swift, but Richard Steele. It seems to have been Steele's intention to keep, for a time, his editorship a secret; but his disguise was soon penetrated by at least one of his friends. Joseph Addison, who was in Ireland when _The Tatler_ appeared, detected the hand of his friend in the sixth number. He furnished Steele, it is said, with many hints and suggestions for the early numbers of the paper, and after his return from Ireland in 1710 became himself a regular contributor. In January, 1711, _The Tatler_ came suddenly to an end, with the 271st number. Steele, however, had no thought of abandoning this form of literary effort, and on the first of the following March he started that now more famous journal, _The Spectator_. _The Spectator_ was similar in form and purpose to _The Tatler_, but it was to be issued daily. It is usually spoken of as Addison's _Spectator_; but it was no more Addison's than Steele's. The two men were associated in the conduct