5. _Vipera berus._ 6. _Vipera aspis_ (Black Forest, Lorraine). V. FRANCE AND SWITZERLAND, EXCLUSIVE OF TICINO 1. _Tropidonotus natrix._ 2. _Tropidonotus viperinus_ (as far north as South Brittany and Fontainebleau). 3. _Zamenis gemonensis_ (south, locally as far north as the Sarthe and Aube). 4. _Coluber longissimus_ (locally as far north as South Brittany, South Normandy, and Fontainebleau). 5. _Coluber scalaris_ (Mediterranean Littoral). 6. _Coronella austriaca._ 7. _Coronella girondica_ (south and west as far north as the Charente-Inférieure). 8. _Coelopeltis monspessulana_ (Mediterranean Littoral). 9. _Vipera ursinii_ (Basses-Alpes). 10. _Vipera berus_ (as far south as the Loire basin, the Central Plateau, and the Alps). 11. _Vipera aspis_ (as far north as the Loire basin, Fontainebleau, and Lorraine). VI. SPAIN AND PORTUGAL 1. _Tropidonotus natrix._ 2. _Tropidonotus viperinus._ 3. _Zamenis gemonensis_ (Catalonia). 4. _Zamenis hippocrepis_ (absent from the north). 5. _Coluber longissimus_ (Andalucia). 6. _Coluber scalaris._ 7. _Coronella austriaca_ (north and north-west). 8. _Coronella girondica._ 9. _Coelopeltis monspessulana._ 10. _Macroprotodon cucullatus_ (centre and south, Baleares). 11. _Vipera berus_ (north-west). 12. _Vipera aspis_ (Pyrenees). 13. _Vipera latastii_ (absent from the north). VII. ITALY, WITH TICINO AND CORSICA 1. _Tropidonotus natrix._ 2. _Tropidonotus tessellatus_ (as far south as Naples; absent from the islands). 3. _Tropidonotus viperinus_ (Liguria, Piedmont, Ticino, Corsica, Sardinia, Sicily). 4. _Zamenis gemonensis._ 5. _Zamenis hippocrepis_ (Sardinia). 6. _Coluber quatuorlineatus_ (south and Sicily). 7. _Coluber longissimus_ (absent from Corsica). 8. _Coluber leopardinus_ (south and Sicily). 9. _Coronella austriaca_ (absent from Corsica and Sardinia). 10. _Coronella girondica_ (absent from Corsica and Sardinia). 11. _Coelopeltis monspessulana_ (Western Liguria, Sicily). 12. _Vipera ursinii_ (Abruzzi). 13. _Vipera berus_ (the Continental part only). 14. _Vipera aspis_ (absent from Corsica and Sardinia). 15. _Vipera ammodytes_ (Northern Venetia). VIII. AUSTRIA-HUNGARY, WITHOUT BALKAN STATES 1. _Tropidonotus natrix._ 2. _Tropidonotus tessellatus._ 3. _Zamenis gemonensis_ (South Tyrol, Littoral, South Hungary). 4. _Coluber quatuorlineatus_ (Istria). 5. _Coluber longissimus._ 6. _Coluber leopardinus_ (Istria). 7. _Coronella austriaca._ 8. _Coronella girondica_ (South Tyrol). 9. _Coelopeltis monspessulana_ (Istria). 10. _Tarbophis fallax_ (Istria). 11. _Vipera ursinii_ (Lower Austria, Littoral, Hungary). 12. _Vipera berus._ 13. _Vipera aspis_ (South Tyrol, Littoral). 14. _Vipera ammodytes_ (South Tyrol, Styria, Carinthia, Carniola, Littoral, South Hungary). IX. BALKAN PENINSULA AND ARCHIPELAGO 1. _Typhlops vermicularis_ (Greece, Turkey, Bulgaria).