The Solution of the Pyramid Problem; or, Pyramid Discoveries: With a New Theory as to their Ancient UseBallard, Robert
History
The Solution of the Pyramid Problem; or, Pyramid Discoveries: With a New Theory as to their Ancient Use
Ballard, Robert
Pyramids
Such large blocks of stone as were used in the casing of these pyramids
could not have been completely dressed before setting; the back and
ends, and the top and bottom beds were probably dressed off truly, and
the face roughly scabbled off; but the true slope angle could not have
been dressed off until the stone had been truly set and bedded,
otherwise there would have been great danger to the sharp arises.
* * * * *
I shall now record the peculiarities of the 3, 4, 5 or Pythagorean
triangle, and the right-angled triangle 20, 21, 29.
§ 7. PECULIARITIES OF THE TRIANGLES 3, 4, 5, AND 20, 21, 29.
Fig. 30 to 35. PECULIARITIES OF THE TRIANGLES
The 3, 4, 5 triangle contains 36° 52′ 11·65″ and the complement or
greater angle 53° 7′ 48·35″
Radius 5 = 60 whole numbers.[6]
Co-sine 4 = 48"
Sine 3 = 36"
Versed sine 1 = 12"
Co-versed sine 2 = 24"
Tangent 3¾ = 45"
Secant 6¼ = 75"
Co-tangent 6⅔ = 80"
Co-secant 8⅓ = 100"
Tangent + Secant = Diameter or 2 Radius
Co-tan + Co-sec = 3 Radius
Sine : Versed-sine :: 3 : 1
Co-sine : Co-versed sine :: 2 : 1
Figure 30 illustrates the preceding description. Figure 31 shows the 3·1
triangle, and the 2·1 triangle built up on the sine and co-sine of the
3, 4, 5 triangle.
The 3·1 triangle contains 18° 26′ 5·82″ and the 2·1 triangle
26° 33′ 54·19″; the latter has been frequently noticed as a
pyramid angle in the gallery inclinations.
Figure 32 shows these two triangles combined with the 3, 4, 5 triangle,
on the circumference of a circle.
Footnote 6: 60 = 3 × 4 × 5
The 20, 21, 29 triangle contains 43° 36′ 10·15″ and the
complement, 46° 23′ 49·85″.
Expressed in whole numbers--
Radius 29 = 12180[7]
Sine 20 = 8400
Co-sine 21 = 8820
Versed sine 8 = 3360
Co-versed sine 9 = 3780
Tangent = 11600
Co-tangent = 12789
Secant = 16820
Co-sec = 17661
Tangent + Secant = 2⅓ radius
Co-tan + Co-sec = 2½ radius
Sine : Versed sine :: 5 : 2
Co-sine : Co-versed sine :: 7 : 3
Footnote 7: 12180 = 20 × 21 × 29
It is noticeable that while the multiplier required to bring radius 5
and the rest into whole numbers, for the 3, 4, 5 triangle is twelve, in
the 20, 21, 29 triangle it is 420, the key measure for the bases of the
two main pyramids in R.B. cubits.[8]
Footnote 8: 12 = 3 × 4, and 420 = 20 × 21
I am led to believe from study of the plan, and consideration of the
whole numbers in this 20, 21, 29 triangle, that the R.B. cubit, like the
Memphis cubit, was divided into 280 parts.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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