The Song of Songs: Translated from the Original Hebrew, with a Commentary, Historical and Critical
Religion
The Song of Songs: Translated from the Original Hebrew, with a Commentary, Historical and Critical
Bible. Song of Solomon -- Commentaries
2. I was sleeping, &c. The sympathies manifested by some of the court
ladies for the Shulamite, at the close of the last section, encourage
her to relate to them a dream which she recently had. The purpose of
this narration is the description of the shepherd to which it leads,
and which is necessary to the completion of the whole drama. יְשֵׁנָה,
like the participle form generally, may be used to express all the
relations of time. Comp. כִּי כֻלָּם יְשֵׁנִים, for all were sleeping, 1 Sam.
xxvi. 12; 1 Kings iii. 20. Gesen. § 134, 1; Ewald, § 306 d. לֵב,
heart, here the seat of thought. The Hebrews regarded the heart, not
only as the seat of the passions, but also of the intellectual
faculties of the mind. The whole clause is merely another way of saying
בַּחֲלֹמִי, Gen. xli. 17. The circumlocution is chosen in preference to
בַּחֲלמִי, to indicate that the powers under which the exhausted frame
succumbed, could not keep her mind from dwelling upon the object of her
affections. קֹל, hark; vide supra, ii. 8. דֹפֵק is best taken with the
Sept., Syriac, Vulg., and many modern commentators, as a separate
clause, he is knocking. The Sept. adds ἐπὶ τὴν θύραν, at the door,
after דֹפֵק, he is knocking.
Open to me, &c. She introduces him speaking. To make his request the
more urgent, he pleads that he had been drenched with dew. The dew
falls so copiously in the East, during certain months, that it
saturates the clothes like rain. See Judges vi. 38; Rosenmüller,
Orient. i. 122; Winer, Bib. Dict. s.v. A similar passage occurs in
Anacreon, iii. 10, where love is represented as standing at night
behind the door, begging for admittance, and pleading the same excuses.
Ἄνοιγε, φησί
Βρέφος εἰμί, μὴ φόβησαι
Βρέχομαι δέ, κἀσέληνον
Κατὰ νύκτα πεπλάνημαι.
“‘Fear not,’ said he, with piteous din,
‘Pray ope the door and let me in:
A poor unshelter’d boy am I,
For help who knows not where to fly:
Lost in the dark, and with the dews,
All cold and wet, that midnight brews.’”
Comp. also Propert. i. 16, 23; Ovid Amor. ii. 19, 21. תַמָּתִי, my
perfect one, is well explained by Rosenmüller by מוּם אֵין בָּךְ, there is
no fault in thee, iv. 7; 2 Sam. xiv. 25.
3. I have put off my tunic; was the answer she gave in her dream.
כֻּתֹּנֶת, χιτών, tunic, is an inner garment, commonly of linen,
descending to the ankles, which is taken off when one retires. On the
costume of the Hebrews, see Rosenmüller, Orient. ii. 19; Winer, Bib.
Dict.; Kitto, Cyclop. Bib. Lit. s.v.; Saalschütz, Archäologie der
Hebräer, vol. i. c. 2.
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