The Song of Songs: Translated from the Original Hebrew, with a Commentary, Historical and Critical
Religion
The Song of Songs: Translated from the Original Hebrew, with a Commentary, Historical and Critical
Bible. Song of Solomon -- Commentaries
Thine eyes, &c. That is, are as bright and serene as the celebrated
translucent pools of this city. Heshbon, a town in the southern parts
of the Hebrew territory, about twenty miles east of the point where the
Jordan enters the Dead Sea, originally belonged to the Moabites (Numb.
xxi. 25), and afterwards came into possession of the Amorite king Sihon
(ibid.; Deut. ii. 24; Josh. iii. 10). It was conquered by Moses shortly
before his death (Numb. xxi. 25), and was first assigned to the tribe
of Reuben (Numb. xxxii. 37; Josh. xiii. 17), and afterwards to the
tribe of Gad, and became a Levitical city (Josh. xxi. 39; 1 Chron. vi.
81). It was retaken by the Moabites when the ten tribes were carried
into exile (Isa. xv. 4; xvi. 9; Jer. xlviii. 2), but the Jews conquered
it again afterwards (Joseph. Antiq. lib. xiii.) The ruins of Heshbon,
the name by which the place is still known, have been visited and
described by modern travellers. (Burckhardt, Travels, p. 365; Biblical
Repos. for 1833, p. 650; Robinson, Palestine, ii. 278.) Heshbon was the
pride of Moab, was famous for its fertility, verdure of plantation, and
beautiful reservoirs. Hence the simile here. A similar comparison is
used by Ovid, De Arte Ama. ii. 722:—
“Adspicies oculos tremulo fulgare meiantes,
Ut sol a liquida saepe refulget aqua.”
בַּת רַבִּים is well explained by Rashbam, the populous, שרוב בני העיר
יוצאין ונכנסין בה, “because, through it a multitude of the inhabitants
of the town walk in and out;” שהרבים באים להסתכל שם, “because it is
the chief place of concourse.” בַּת, daughter, like בֶּן, son, is
idiomatically used in Hebrew to express quality. Compare בֶּן־שֶׁמֶן, a
son of fatness, i.e. fat; Isa. v. 1, and supra, vii. 2. The Septuagint,
which is followed by the Vulgate, not understanding this idiom, renders
it literally ἐν πύλαις θυγατρὸς πολλῶν, by the gates of the daughter of
many.
Thy nose, &c. This tower must have contained a projection or an
overhanging part, celebrated for its great symmetry and elegance. Hence
the comparison between the beautifully projecting tower and the
well-proportioned nose.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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