Slavery, Indian, in Argentine provinces, 17, 33; tendency of, 56; Hernandarias opposed to, 59; forbidden by Spanish Government, 60, 175; under Spaniards, 165; Paulistas and, 174, 322, 347; forbidden by Portuguese Government, 321; Jesuits fought against, 327; Mem da Sa and, 335; Pombal and, 398 Slavery, negro, 82, 324, 458; encouraged, 328, 335; increased, 398; proportion of slaves in population of Brazil, 405. _See_ Emancipation of slaves. Solis, Juan Diaz de, 19, 230 Soracaba, 373, 453 Soriano, first settlement in Uruguay, 238, 241 Souza, Thomas de, 323, 329 Spain, war with Portugal, 382; revolt of 1820 in, 411 Spanish authority unquestioned, 52 Spanish Creoles at war with Brazilian Creoles, 66, 68, 105, 240, 242, 245, 248, 254, 256, 382, 388, 389, 409 Spanish discoveries and conquests, 7, 8, 12-15, 301 Spanish monarchy, structure of, 4, 7, 20 Spanish possession of Portugal and Brazil, 342 Spanish treasure fleet, capture of, by the Dutch, 353 Street-car tax riots, 485 Sucre (Charcas), 16, 33, 89, 182 Sugar, districts of cultivation of, 78, 309, 310, 312, 321, 343, 371; first cultivation of, 317, 321; industry prosperous, 321, 324, 336, 448: annual production of, 338; trade, 351; price, 361, 392, 397; industry decadent, 393; staple production, 405; comparative cultivation, 458; plantation companies, 501 Suipacha, battle of, 91 T Tabocas, battle of, 362 Tamoyo Indians, 331, 335 Tandil Mountains, 237 Tapajos River, 314 Taxation, 338, 393 Theresina Christina, Empress of Brazil, 457, 498 "Thirty-three," the, 259 Tierra del Fuego, 41 Tiete River, 347 Tiradentes, 400 Tobacco, 78, 310, 393, 405, 448 Tocantins River, 310, 392 Tucuman, battle of, 94 Tucuman (city), founded, 15; Congress at, 105; Paz's army in, 123, 124 Tucuman (province), Spanish rule in, 15, 17; political dependency, 17, 33, 61; thriving towns in, 62, 63; revolt in, 155; missionary work in, 182 U Unitarian party, 119, 121, 123, 126, 263 United States of America, and Lopez, 202, 203; arbitrator, 222; influence of, on Brazil, 399, 500; recognises Brazil's independence, 426; does not support Pedro, 434; prevents commercial blockade, 506 Urquiza, Justo Jose, General, defeats allied unitarians and colorados, 126; governor of Entre Rios, 128; forms alliance with Brazil and colorado faction in Uruguay, 129, 462, 472; favours federal constitution, 131-134; first president of Argentine Republic, 135; his term expires, 137; refuses to revolt against Buenos Aires, 142; revolt against, 144; his friendship with Lopez, 200; general-in-chief, 271; successes in Uruguay, 271, 462; Lopez angry with, 471