Jesuits, in Bolivia, 245, 279; in Colombia, 455, 461; in Ecuador, 309, 334, 337; in Peru, 68, 71, 309 Jiron, Governor of New Granada, 425 Jubones, plateau of, 288, 291 Juncal, battle of, 372 Junin, battle of, 93, 321 Jurisprudence, Spanish system of, in South America, 66, 200, 304 K Koerner, Colonel, 223, 225 L La Donjuana, battle of, 467 La Fuente, Dictator of Peru, 102, 106 La Guaira, 350, 356, 359, 369 La Mar, General, President of Peru, 100, 101, 324 La Palma, battle of, 110 La Paz, founded, 60, 241, 249; spirit of independence in, 76, 77, 257, 260, 361 La Puerta, decisive battles of, 369, 375 Lara, General, deported, 99 Las Casas, famous book of, 50, 59 La Serna, General, Viceroy of Peru, 84, 91; army of, 93-95, 261, 264 Las Heras, patriot commander, 171, 172, 177, 181 Lastra, General, 194 Las Trincheiras, 368 Latacunga, valley of, 287, 292, 293 La Torre, General, 374, 380, 381 Lautaro, Araucanian chief, 141, 142 Leiva founded, 420 Leon, creole leader, 355 Leprosy, 426 Lima (city), founded by Pizarro, 36, 46, 60; Incas attempt to take, 39, 42; Pizarro in, 46, 52; political, social, and commercial centre of South America, 67, 71; viceroyalty of Peru established at, 50, 60, 67, 70, 71, 142, 148, 304, 426; jurisdiction of, 67, 250, 251, 304, 308; earthquakes in, 71; revolutionary spirit in, 73, 75, 76, 81-84, 317; evacuated by the Spaniards, 84, 89; Bolivar at, 99, 321, 323; insurrections in, 114, 116, 131; Chilian army captures, 125, 126, 213; public library of, destroyed, 126 Linares, Doctor, 275, 276 Linnaeus names chinchona, 70 Lircay, victory at, 194 Llamas, 3, 4, 150, 238 Llaneros, the, origin of, 354, 424; cavalry troops of, organised, 368; valour of, 369, 371-374, 376-378, 381, 382, 385, 389, 431, 434, 438, 439, 450 Llanos, 354, 368, 372, 375, 377, 406, 413, 437, 440 Loja (city), built by Spaniards, 60 Loja (province), 101, 288, 291, 298, 307, 338 Loncomilla, battle of, 200 Lopez, General, President of Colombia, 452, 455, 457 Lopez, tyrant of Paraguay, 248, 465 Los Andes, 396 Louis XIV. and war of Spanish Succession, 152 Loyola, founder of Jesuit order, 245 Lugo, adelantado, 414, 417 Luque, partner of Pizarro, 23 M MacGregor captures Barcelona, 372 Madeira Falls, the, 280 Madeira River, the, 244, 246, 278-281 Madrid, Pizarro goes to, 25; legislation at, in behalf of Indians, 50, 417; commissions from, 58; revenue sent to, 69; government, 70, 147, 309, 418; French king on throne of, 152 Madrid, Dictator of Colombia, 437 Magdalena River, the, 366, 380, 406, 408-410, 412-414 _et passim_; named, 403; Valley, 312, 381 Magdalena, State of, 463, 466, 468, 480 Magellan, Straits of, 69, 140, 209 Maipo, battle of, 79, 179-182