2. The question, being one of _fact_, a mistake could hardly have been made originally--or, if so made, could not have been perpetuated. Now all the early historians call Virginia loyal. 3. The cavaliers in England (as we learn from British authorities) looked upon Virginia as a place of refuge. 4. Holmes' Annals make the population of the state, at the commencement of the civil wars in England, about 20,000. Of these let us suppose only 10,000 loyal. At the Restoration the same Annals make the population 30,000. Here is an increase of 10,000, which {285} increase consisted altogether, or nearly so, of loyalists, _for few others had reason for coming over_. The loyalists are now therefore double the republicans, and Virginia must be loyal. 5. Cromwell was always suspicious of Virginia. Of this there are many proofs. One of them may be found in the fact that when the state, sympathizing with the victims of Claiborne's oppression, (a felon employed by Cromwell to "root out popery in Maryland") afforded them a refuge, she was sternly reprimanded by the Protector, and admonished to keep a guard on her actions. 6. A pamphlet called "Virginia's Cure, an Advisive Narrative concerning Virginia," printed in 1661, speaks of the people as "men which generally bear a great love to the stated constitutions of the Church of England in her government and public worship; which gave us the advantage of liberty to use it constantly among them, after the naval force had reduced the colony under the power (_but never to the obedience_) of the usurpers." 7. John Hammond, in a book entitled "Leah and Rachell, or the two fruitful Sisters of Virginia and Maryland," printed in 1656, speaking of the State during the Protectorate, has the words "_Virginia being whole for monarchy_." 8. Immediately after the fall of Charles I, Virginia passed an Act making it _high treason_ to justify his murder, or to acknowledge the Parliament. The Act is not so much as the terms of the Act. Lastly. The distinguishing features of Virginian character at present--features of a marked nature--not elsewhere to be met with in America--and evidently akin to that chivalry which denoted the Cavalier--can be in no manner so well accounted for as by considering them the _debris_ of a devoted loyalty. At page 122 of the work before us, Dr. Hawks has entered into a somewhat detailed statement (involving much information to us entirely new) concerning the celebrated "Parson's cause"--the church's controversy with the laity on the subject of payments in money substituted for payments in tobacco. It was this controversy which first elicited the oratorical powers of Patrick Henry, and our author dwells with much emphasis, and no little candor, upon the fascinating abilities which proved so unexpectedly fatal to the clerical interest.