The Sovereignty of the Sea: An Historical Account of the Claims of England to the Dominion of the British Seas, and of the Evolution of the Territorial WatersFulton, Thomas Wemyss
History
The Sovereignty of the Sea: An Historical Account of the Claims of England to the Dominion of the British Seas, and of the Evolution of the Territorial Waters
Fulton, Thomas Wemyss
Fisheries -- Great Britain; Great Britain. Royal Navy -- History; Sea-power; Territorial waters -- Great Britain -- History
It would appear that James, though thus foiled in his attempt to
levy the assize-herrings from the Hollander fishermen in 1617,
did not intend to let the matter rest in the following season,
and circumstances occurred which brought up the question of the
“land-kenning” in another quarter. Early in 1618 the King of Denmark
complained to him that Scottish fishermen were in the habit of fishing
“within the waters of Faeröe,” which was part of the dominions of
Denmark, and that the native fishermen had been so much injured by
their encroachments that they were unable to pay their dues and taxes.
Here was a complaint against Scottish fishermen like that which they
so commonly made against the Dutch. The complaint was brought before
the Privy Council of Scotland, who summoned the burghs concerned[325]
to appear and explain their conduct. They admitted that for some
years they had gone to the Faeröe Isles to fish, but they said that
they had been “driven thereto upon necessity, and by the violence
and oppression of the Hollanders, who came yearly with two thousand
sail and above within his Majesty’s waters, and within a mile of the
‘continent’ of Orkney and Shetland, and not contented with the benefit
that the liberty of their fishing within the said bounds affords
yearly unto them, they do very heavily oppress his Majesty’s poor
subjects and fishers.” They said that the Hollanders “stoppis thame,
houndis and chaisis thame frome thair fischeing, cuttis thair nettis,
threatnis thair lyveis, and thairby compellis thame, who ar a nomber
of poore people haveing no other trade quhairby to manteene thair
families, to seeke thair fischeing elsquhair and far frome thair awne
coist, with grite tormoyll, travell, trouble, and chargeis.”[326] The
Lords of the Council, however, held that the oppression committed
by the Hollanders on them was no warrant for their oppressing the
subjects of other princes, and “that they ought not to have fished in
the said waters without some license and oversight.” A proclamation
was thereupon issued by the king and Council forbidding Scottish
fishermen “to fish within sight of the land of the Isle of Faeröe,
but to reserve the [fishings there[327]] to the inhabitants of the
said Isle, and to other” subjects of the King of Denmark, “conform
to the law of nations,” under a penalty of confiscation of the
ships, vessels, and goods of the persons offending. At the same time
the Council wrote to the king acquainting him with the oppressions
committed by the Hollanders on the Scottish fishermen, and suggesting
that his ambassador at The Hague should demand reparation and “instant
prohibition” by the States to their people, “that they fish not within
sight of his Majesty’s land, but reserve these bounds to his Majesty’s
own subjects, conform to the law of nations.”[328]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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