The Sovereignty of the Sea: An Historical Account of the Claims of England to the Dominion of the British Seas, and of the Evolution of the Territorial WatersFulton, Thomas Wemyss
History
The Sovereignty of the Sea: An Historical Account of the Claims of England to the Dominion of the British Seas, and of the Evolution of the Territorial Waters
Fulton, Thomas Wemyss
Fisheries -- Great Britain; Great Britain. Royal Navy -- History; Sea-power; Territorial waters -- Great Britain -- History
Sir Dudley Carleton accordingly made a strong representation to the
States-General on the subject in April. They asked for particulars as
to the persons who were alleged to have been ill-treated in Scotland,
and the nature of the wrongs done to them; while with respect to the
limit proposed to be set them in their fishery--namely, not to come
within sight of land--they said they had never heard of any such
custom, and did not understand how it could be put into practice.[329]
On reporting this home, Carleton was told by the king to raise the
question of the fishing again before he came away, and he explained to
him that the custom of the land-kenning was that no stranger should
fish either within the creeks of the land or within a kenning of the
land, “as seamen do take a kenning.” He asked Carleton to ascertain
whether the Dutch claimed to fish wherever they liked, or were willing
to accept reasonable bounds, adding that the resolution that might be
taken on the subject would depend largely on this.[330] A few months
before this Carleton had brought similar complaints to the notice of
the States-General, declaring that the Hollanders were daily guilty of
“great outrages and insolencies on the Scottish fishermen.” It was even
said to be the opinion in London that the prosecution of the herring
fishery by the Dutch under the protection of ships of war was a direct
challenge to and defiance of the king.[331]
The authorities in Scotland lost no time in preparing statements
recounting in detail the outrages and insolences committed by the
Dutch fishermen; but an impartial perusal of the complaints leaves
little doubt that they were greatly exaggerated. The Dutch fishermen
were accused of going ashore in large numbers and chasing, taking, and
slaying sheep; they “intromitted” with growing timber, trod down all
the corn they could find, induced the best and ablest of the native
fishermen to join them, or even took them by force; entered the kirks,
where they broke down the seats and polluted the pulpits; carved their
names on the green pastures; took uninvited rides on the horses in
the fields, “to the great hurt of the owners”; and made free with the
eggs and young of seafowl on the uninhabited isles, to the hurt of
the proprietors. In the long catalogue of their supposed outrages on
land, two were more important. It was alleged that they gave refuge to
thieves and malefactors, so that justice could not reach them; and that
some years before they seized an honest young woman who was selling
stockings among them and held her head-downwards on an eminence in
sight of the whole fleet, owing to which she died later. Among their
offences at sea they were charged with shooting at native fishermen,
“catching of their small netts and lynes within those huge long netts”
that they used, and which they laid hard by the shore, “whereas before
they approached not nearer the coasts than fourty (_sic_) myles.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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