The Sovereignty of the Sea: An Historical Account of the Claims of England to the Dominion of the British Seas, and of the Evolution of the Territorial WatersFulton, Thomas Wemyss
History
The Sovereignty of the Sea: An Historical Account of the Claims of England to the Dominion of the British Seas, and of the Evolution of the Territorial Waters
Fulton, Thomas Wemyss
Fisheries -- Great Britain; Great Britain. Royal Navy -- History; Sea-power; Territorial waters -- Great Britain -- History
The negotiations with the States-General dragged on throughout the
summer without much result, and in August James took the sudden
resolution again to demand from the Dutch fishermen the payment of the
assize-herrings. This was doubtless caused by the receipt of a letter
from Sir Dudley Carleton, informing him that the herring-fishers had
gone that year to the coast of Scotland with extraordinary convoy, the
number of their men-of-war having been doubled, and expressing the
hope that notwithstanding this the king would send some one to make
the usual demand in a peaceable manner; otherwise, said Carleton, the
Hollanders “will think his Majesty has laid aside his pretension.”[337]
James accordingly wrote hurriedly to the Council at Edinburgh, saying
it was necessary to make requisition of his duties from the Hollanders
fishing on the coasts of Orkney and Shetland, in order both to keep
possession of the fishing and to foil any plea from the States-General
that no such duties had been demanded of them. He had intended, he
said, to send a ship of war, but those which were ready were otherwise
engaged, and there would not be time to equip a vessel in England
before the Hollanders returned from the fishing. The Council were
therefore instructed to fit out with all expedition either his own
pinnace or any other ship which could conveniently be procured, and to
send it to the North Isles with such person as the deputy of the Duke
of Lennox should choose, who was to be instructed “in fair tearmes and
calme and peciable maner to crave oure said dewties, and accept of any
suche answer as they sall gif him, without making any furder questioun
or dispute in the mater.”[338] Here was another Brown mission over
again; but James forgot, if indeed he ever knew, that at that time of
year the Dutch herring fishermen would be very far from the North
Isles, and fishing along the English coast.[339] The fact was well
known at Edinburgh, but, for whatever reason, it was not pointed out
to the king; and the Council, urged to use “exceeding great haste,”
chartered a Leith vessel, the _Restore_, put Mr Patrick Bruce on board
to demand the tax from the Hollanders, along with a notary “to give
instruments thereupon,” and despatched it on its bootless errand to the
Shetlands. No Hollanders could be discovered, and the _Restore_ came
back to Leith.
The reason of the king’s action, as well as of Carleton’s advice, is
doubtless to be sought in the desire to strengthen the case against
the Dutch in view of an expected special embassy from The Hague, whose
appointment was now mooted, and which was designed to settle various
differences between the two countries that had become acute. Besides
the herring fishery, which was a never-failing subject of dispute,
there was the trade in cloth, the East Indies, and the “Greenland”
whale fishery, about which it is necessary to say something here.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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