The Spanish Royal TapestriesCalvert, Albert Frederick
History
The Spanish Royal Tapestries
Calvert, Albert Frederick
Tapestry -- Spain -- History; Tapestry -- Spain -- Madrid
Date and origin uncertain, but evidently belong to the transition
period. The figures show the realism and elegance of the Italian
painters, while the buildings in the background are Gothic. The
tapestries show different episodes in the life of the Saint. The
similarity of their exquisitely woven borders suggests that they belong
to the same series. They are woven in fine wool, silk, gold, and silver.
The subjects are as follows:
(1) Visit of the Holy Virgin to her cousin Elizabeth. Zaccharius
recovers his speech.
(2) The child John asks permission to devote himself to God.
(3) St. John, asked by the Pharisee if he is the Christ, replies:
“Behold the Lamb of God.”
(4) He baptizes Jesus and many others. End of the reign of the Jews.
GROUP 5. _The Passion of Our Lord_ (2 Episodes)
These two tapestries, richly woven in gold, silk, and wool, were made by
command of Princess Margaret of Austria, the Regent of the Netherlands.
These were inherited by her nephew Charles V. They are mentioned in an
inventory that Margaret caused to be made in 1525, five years before her
death.
The designer of the cartoons is unknown. The background is Gothic, but
the figures show Italian influence.
_Tapestry No. 1._ Christ bearing the Cross on His way to Calvary meets
St. Veronica, who receives the sacred imprint on her handkerchief.
_Tapestry No. 2._ The Descent from the Cross.
GROUP 6. _Moralities_ (4 Tapestries)
These belong to the end of the fifteenth or the beginning of the
sixteenth century, and were inspired by the preaching of the Reformers.
The first three tapestries of the group are the sole remaining pieces
from an older series executed during the transition from the older
Gothic style to the new style of the Italian Renaissance. Their exact
date is unknown. They were bought by the Princess Marie of Portugal as
part of her dowry on her marriage with Philip II. They are enriched by
gold threads.
The fourth tapestry in this group is the only surviving specimen of
another older series.
_St. Jerome_
Dates from the middle of the sixteenth century. Woven in gold, silk, and
wool on high warp. In possession of Philip II of Spain when inventory
was made in 1598. The plate represents the penance of St. Jerome.
GROUP 7. _Dais of Emperor Charles V_ (3 Tapestries)
These tapestries of silk, gold, and wool were made by command of the
Regent Margaret of Austria, at Brussels, under the direction of Pierre
Pannemaker, the most famous _tapissier_ of the time. The cartoons were
probably by the aged painter Quintin Metoys. The tapestries were begun
in 1523, and passed to the Emperor on the death of Margaret.
_Tapestry No. 1._ The bed canopy represents the Eternal Father and the
Holy Ghost surrounded by Seraphim.
_Tapestry No. 2._ The Redemption of mankind from the taint of original
sin.
_Tapestry No. 3._ Formed the lower part of the dais, and depicts St.
Luke xxiv. 50, 51.
GROUP 8. _The Passion of Our Lord_ (4 Tapestries)
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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