[277] Captain Richards is quoted as follows in Gue’s _History of Iowa_, Vol. I, p. 318, concerning the attempt to cross at this point:--“The wind was now blowing a terrific gale and the cold was intense, so that our wet clothing was frozen stiff upon us.... When help and material for a raft came, so strong and cold was the wind, and so swift the current, filled with floating ice, that all of our efforts to build a raft failed. It was now dark and still growing colder, and the roar of the blinding storm so great that we could no longer hold communication with our companions on the other side. We were benumbed with cold, utterly exhausted, and three miles from the nearest cabin. We were powerless to aid our comrades, and could only try to save ourselves. It was a terrible walk in the face of the terrific blizzard, our clothes frozen, our feet freezing, and our strength gone.” [278] _Address of Ex-Governor Carpenter_ in the _Annals of Iowa_ (Third Series), Vol. III, pp. 486, 487. [279] Hoover’s _The Tragedy of Okoboji_ in the _Annals of Iowa_ (Third Series), Vol. V, p. 24. [280] _Frank R. Mason’s Recollections_ in the _Annals of Iowa_ (Third Series), Vol. III, p. 535. [281] _Address of Ex-Governor Carpenter_ in the _Annals of Iowa_ (Third Series), Vol. III, p. 487. [282] _Frank R. Mason’s Recollections_ in the _Annals of Iowa_ (Third Series), Vol. III, pp. 535, 536. [283] _Letter from Mrs. Collins_ in the _Annals of Iowa_ (Third Series), Vol. III, p. 549. CHAPTER XXVI [284] Republished article from the _St. Paul Pioneer_ of May 31, 1857, in the _Hamilton Freeman_ (Webster City), July 13, 1857. [285] Mrs. Sharp’s _History of the Spirit Lake Massacre_ (1902 edition), p. 150. [286] Mrs. Sharp’s _History of the Spirit Lake Massacre_ (1902 edition), pp. 151-156, 168. [287] Mrs. Sharp’s _History of the Spirit Lake Massacre_ (1902 edition), pp. 168-171. This stone is more familiarly known in mineralogy as catlinite--being so named from George Catlin, the noted traveler, who first studied it. See Hodge’s _Handbook of American Indians_, Vol. I, pp. 217-219. [288] Mrs. Sharp’s _History of the Spirit Lake Massacre_ (1902 edition), pp. 152, 153. [289] Mrs. Sharp’s _History of the Spirit Lake Massacre_ (1902 edition), p. 172. [290] Robinson’s _A History of the Dakota or Sioux Indians_ in the _South Dakota Historical Collections_, Vol. II, p. 237. [291] Gue’s _History of Iowa_, Vol. I, p. 322; Mrs. Sharp’s _History of the Spirit Lake Massacre_ (1902 edition), p. 175. [292] Gue’s _History of Iowa_, Vol. I, p. 323; Robinson’s _A History of the Dakota or Sioux Indians_ in the _South Dakota Historical Collections_, Vol. II, p. 237; Mrs. Sharp’s _History of the Spirit Lake Massacre_ (1902 edition), pp. 175, 176. [293] Republished article from the _St. Paul Pioneer_, of May 31, 1857, in the _Hamilton Freeman_ (Webster City), July 13, 1857. [294] B. M. Smith and A. J. Hill’s _Map of the Ceded Part of Dakota Territory_, 1861. CHAPTER XXVII