Boutmy, Emile, on the powers of the Supreme Court, 98; on the relation of the House of Representatives to treaties, 138; on hasty voting in the House, 202; on the sovereignty of the majority in France, 301. Bryce, James, on the opposition of the masses to the ratification of the Constitution, 49; on the ratification of the last three amendments, 54; on the committee system, 196. Budget. See House of Representatives. Burgess, John W., on the difficulty of amending the Constitution, 47; on the veto power of the Supreme Court, 90; on the desire of the framers to avoid popular choice of Presidential electors, 134 note; on the protection of private property by the Supreme Court, 299. Butler, C.H., on the attitude of the Supreme Court toward treaties, 119. Calhoun, John C., on popular government, 132; on state rights, 178. Channing, Edward, on removal of judges, 71. Checks and balances, American system of artificial, 130; anarchism an extreme application of, 132; belief of framers in, 125; in early state constitutions, 21; in English government, 8; limitation of power of the people under, 129; origin of, 126; Poland an example of, 131; practical limit to extension of, 130; relation of, to _laissez faire_, 131; subordination of House of Representatives not in accord with, 147. See Constitution of the United States. Chinese exclusion act, 315. Common law, influence of the ruling class upon, 11. Constitutional convention of 1787. See Constitution of the United States. Constitutional government, origin of, 3; relation to democracy, 3. Constitution of the United States, a product of 18th century thought, 28; change in the attitude of the people toward, 184; germs of national government in, 161; influence of the Federalists upon the development of, 164; limitation of the taxing power in, 318; no provision for political parties in, 205; numerical majority not recognized in, 176; power of minority to modify, 167; protection of property in, 298; purpose of, misrepresented by the framers, 77; relation of, to individual liberty, 297; relation of, to the doctrine of nullification, 169; responsible for the state rights controversy, 163; significance of, economic, 299; states not expressly subordinated in, 161; substitutes for monarchy and aristocracy in, 132; vote in the conventions ratifying, 53 note; an insignificant minority may prevent amendment of, 46; Patrick Henry's objection to the amendment feature of, 44; number of amendments proposed, 47; power of two-thirds of the states to call a constitutional convention, 346; importance of this provision, 346; difficulty of securing the co-operation of the smaller states, 347; the first ten amendments, 53; the eleventh amendment, 53; the twelfth amendment, 53; the last three amendments, 54. See House of Representatives. President, Senate, Supreme Court.