KURTZ says: "Baptism took place by a complete _immersion._" _Church History, p. 41._ KRAUS says: "Baptism was performed by _immersion_ in the name of the Trinity." _Church History, p. 56. 1882._ ELLICOTT says: "Jewish ablutions arrived at a ceremonial purity in the Levitical sense, and had nothing in common with the figurative act which portrayed through _immersion_ the complete disappearance of the old nature, and by the _emerging_ again, the beginning of a totally new life." _Life of Christ, p. 110._ FOR THIRTEEN CENTURIES It is proved that not only was immersion practiced for baptism by Christ and His Apostles, but that for many ages after nothing else was known as baptism: and that for _thirteen hundred years_ it was the common and prevailing form over the whole Christian world, with only exceptional departures, hereafter to be noticed. And that though the Latin or Roman Church did finally adopt sprinkling, claiming the right to change ordinances, the Greek and all the Oriental churches retained dipping, as they do to this day. DOCTOR STACKHOUSE says: "Several authors have shown and proved that this manner of _immersion_ continued, as much as possible, to be used for _thirteen hundred years_ after Christ." _Hist. Bible, B. 8, Ch. 1._ BISHOP BOSSUET says: "We are able to make it appear, by the acts of councils and by ancient rituals, that for _thirteen hundred years_ baptism was thus administered [by immersion] throughout the whole church, as far as possible." _Cited, Stennet ad Russen, p. 176._ HAGENBACH says: "From the _thirteenth century_ sprinkling came into more general use in the West. The Greek Church, however, and the church of Milan still retained the practice of _immersion._" _Hist. Doct. Vol. II., p. 84, note 1._ VAN OOSTERZEE says: "This _sprinkling,_ which appears to have first come generally into use in the _thirteenth century_ in place of the entire _immersion_ of the body, in imitation of the previous baptism of the sick, has certainly the imperfection that the symbolical character of the act is expressed by it much less conspicuously than by complete immersion and burial under the water." _Christ. Dogmat., Vol. II., p. 749._ COLEMAN says: "The practice of immersion continued even until the _thirteenth or fourteenth_ century. Indeed, it has never been formally abandoned." _Anc. Christ. Exemp., Ch. 19, Sec. 12._ To the same effect is the testimony of Doctors Brenner, Von Cölln, Winer, Augusti, Bingham, and others. AS TO THE GREEK CHURCH