The Standard Oratorios: Their Stories, Their Music, And Their ComposersUpton, George P. (George Putnam)
Religion
The Standard Oratorios: Their Stories, Their Music, And Their Composers
Upton, George P. (George Putnam)
Oratorio
with a return to the "Dies Irae," with full chorus and all the orchestras.
This finishes the "Dies Irae" section of the work.
The next number is the "Offertorium," in which the voices are limited to
a simple phrase of two notes, A alternating with B flat, which is never
varied throughout the somewhat long movement. It never becomes
monotonous, however, so rich and varied is the instrumentation. The
"Hostias et Preces,"--sustained by the tenors and basses, a very solemn
and majestic movement,--displays another of Berlioz's eccentricities, the
accompaniment at the close of the first phrase being furnished by three
flutes and eight tenor trombones, which one enemy of the composer says
represents the distance from the sublime to the ridiculous. The
"Sanctus," a tenor solo with responses by the sopranos and altos, is full
of poetical, almost sensuous beauty, and is the most popular number in
the work. It closes with a fugue on the words "Hosanna in Excelsis." The
final number is the "Agnus Dei," a chorus for male voices, in which the
composer once more employs the peculiar combination of flutes and tenor
trombones. In this number he also returns to the music of the opening
number, "Requiem aeternam," and closes it with an "Amen" softly dying
away. Thus ends the Requiem,--a work which will always be the subject of
critical dispute, owing to its numerous innovations on existing musical
forms and the daring manner in which the composer has treated it.
The following sketch of the first performance of the Requiem, taken from
Berlioz's Autobiography, will be found interesting in this connection. It
is necessary to preface it with the statement that the director of the
Beaux-Arts had insisted that Habeneck should conduct the work. As Berlioz
had quarrelled with the old conductor, and had not been on speaking terms
with him for three years, he at first refused; but subsequently
consented, on condition that he should conduct at one full rehearsal.
Berlioz says:--
"The day of the performance arrived in the Church of the Invalides,
before all the princes, peers, and deputies, the French press, the
correspondents of foreign papers, and an immense crowd. It was
absolutely essential for me to have a great success; a moderate one
would have been fatal, and a failure would have annihilated me
altogether.
"Now, listen attentively.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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