The starry skies : $b or, First lessons on the sun, moon and starsGiberne, Agnes
General
The starry skies : $b or, First lessons on the sun, moon and stars
Giberne, Agnes
Astronomy -- Juvenile literature
Some go only a few miles each second, like the planets Jupiter and
Saturn. Some go as fast as Mars or the Earth. Some rival the flight of
Mercury. Others far surpass any of the worlds in speed. There are stars
hastening through the sky at a rate of over one hundred, and over two
hundred, and even over three hundred miles each second.
Yet, despite all these journeyings, the stars remain fixed. Century
after century we see them overhead in changeless groups.
How can it be so? If each star is taking its own onward journey along
its own separate pathway at a rate of at least tens of thousands of
miles every day, surely we ought to see them moving. Surely a star
ought to get nearer to its neighbor on one side, and farther from its
neighbor on the other side. How can it be otherwise if all the stars
move, and if no two move at just the same speed?
That is exactly what the stars are doing. Each star gets daily nearer
or farther away from each of its neighbor stars.
And yet they seem to us to remain fixed. The star-groups are still the
same in shape as when our forefathers looked upon them.
No: we cannot see such changes commonly. And I will tell you why we
cannot. It is because our lives are not long enough.
Think once more about the movement of clouds as seen from the ground. A
small cloud, low down, will appear to hurry across the sky at a great
pace. But you may look for perhaps half-an-hour at far-away clouds,
very high up, and notice no change in them.
This does not mean that the clouds high up do not stir. They may be
actually moving quite as fast as the little cloud down below. Only,
they are so far distant that the movement seems very slow--too slow to
be seen at all, it may be, in one short half-hour.
The stars are enormously more distant than the very highest cloud ever
seen. However fast they really move those movements are very small,
very tiny, as watched from the Earth; so small and tiny that the lives
of many men, one after another, are, all together, too short a time for
the seeing of star-journeyings from the Earth. Only a very few can be
found out thus, by most careful watching.
Among the hosts of travelling stars is our own Sun.
We have spoken so far of the Sun as if he were fixed in one place,
always at rest in the midst of his worlds.
And so far as he has to do with the planets he is at rest. That is to
say, he is always in one place _for them_. He is always about the same
distance from Mercury, from the Earth, from Jupiter, and from Neptune.
He is always just in the middle of the Solar System.
Yet he is not really at rest. He too travels as the other stars travel.
He too is on the move--going somewhere in the skies; where, I cannot
tell you.
And as he speeds onward he carries with him all his company of worlds
and moons, of comets and meteors. They are no trouble at all to him. He
carries them in the strong grasp of his attraction as easily as you in
walking might bear along with you a muff or a hand-bag.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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