The general principles already laid down determine likewise the
character of particular points in the moral science of the Epicureans.
Epicurus, it is true, never developed his moral views to a systematic
theory of moral actions and states, however much his pupils,
particularly in later times, busied themselves with morality and
special points in a system of morals. [1325] Moreover, his fragmentary
statements and precepts are very imperfectly recorded. Still, all that
is known corresponds with the notion which we must form in accordance
with those general views. All the practical rules given by Epicurus aim
at conducting man to happiness by controlling passions and desires. The
wise man is easily satisfied. He sees that little is necessary for
supplying the wants of nature, and for emancipating from pain; that
imaginary wealth knows no limit, whereas the riches required by nature
may be easily acquired; [1326] that the most simple nourishment affords
as much enjoyment as the most luxurious, and is at the same time far
more conducive to health; [1327] that therefore the restriction of
wants rather than the increase of possessions makes really rich; [1328]
and that he who is not satisfied with little will never be satisfied at
all. [1329] He therefore can like Epicurus live upon bread and water,
[1330] and at the same time think himself as happy as Zeus. [1331] He
eschews passions which disturb peace of mind and the repose of life;
considering it foolish to throw away the present in order to obtain an
uncertain future, or to sacrifice life itself for the means of life,
seeing he can only once enjoy it. [1332] He therefore neither gives way
to passionate love, nor to forbidden acts of profligacy. [1333] Fame he
does not covet; and for the opinions of men he cares only so far as to
wish not to be despised, since being despised would expose him to
danger. [1334] Injuries he can bear with calmness. [1335] He cares not
what may happen to him after death; [1336] nor envies any one the
possessions which he does not himself value. [1337]
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