The stone age in North America, vol. 1 of 2Moorehead, Warren K. (Warren King)
History
The stone age in North America, vol. 1 of 2
Moorehead, Warren K. (Warren King)
Indians of North America -- Antiquities; Stone age -- North America
It is suggested by the Committee that members of the American
Anthropological Association having occasion to describe clay vessels,
may classify them: first, as to material, as consisting of clay, sand,
shell, and their combinations, and as possessing certain general
ground-color; second, as to manufacture, as sun-dried or fired, as
coiled or modeled—with the variations and steps of each process; third,
as to form; fourth, as to decoration, as plain, stamped, incised, or
painted. With regard to form, the Committee begs to offer the following
definitions and suggestions in classifications.
(NOTE. In all cases measurements are considered as referring to an
upward direction.)
A simple vessel must consist of a body, and may have a rim, neck, foot,
handle, or any combination.
1. Body: A formation capable of holding within itself a liquid or a
solid substance.
2. Rim: (A) A part of the vessel forming the termination of the body.
(B) A part of the vessel recognizable by a change in the thickness of
the material in the terminal sections.
3. Neck. A part of the vessel recognizable by a more or less sudden
decrease in the rate of increase or decrease of the diameter.
4. Foot. An attachment to the vessel which serves as support to the body
when upright.
5. Handle: A part of the vessel consisting of some outside attachment,
not serving as support.
Body: It is suggested that in comparing the forms or cross-sections of
vessels particular attention be paid to the proportion of the diameter
to the height, to the rate of change of this proportion, to the place of
change of direction in this proportion, and to refer to the following
definitions of the two dimensions:
Height: the distance from the base to a horizontal plane passing through
the most distant part of the rim.
Diameter: the distance from any one point on the sides to any opposite
point on the sides, measured on a plane at right angles to the height.
Base: the point of contact or a plane of contact of the body with a
horizontal surface.
Types. Body: These are so varied, depending on relative height and
diameter of the cross-section, that an analysis is too cumbersome to be
of service to general reference.
Neck: 1. Expanding.
2. Cylindrical.
3. Contracting.
4. Combinations.
Lip: A part of the neck or body recognizable by a suddenly increasing
diameter of neck or body, that continues increasing to the rim.
[Illustration:
FIG. 25. (S. about 1–2.) Cores and flake knives from the ancient
quarries, Flint Ridge, Licking County, Ohio. Material: light pink,
white and brown chalcedony. Phillips Academy collection.
]
Foot: 1. Continuous.
(A) Expanding.
(B) Cylindrical.
(C) Contracting.
(D) Combinations.
Feet: 2. Not continuous.
Differentiated by
(A) Number.
(B) Angle with the horizontal.
(a) Expanding upward.
(b) Perpendicular.
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