The stone age in North America, vol. 1 of 2Moorehead, Warren K. (Warren King)
History
The stone age in North America, vol. 1 of 2
Moorehead, Warren K. (Warren King)
Indians of North America -- Antiquities; Stone age -- North America
There is presented by Dr. Peabody on page 25 of his paper, the opinion
that these might be worn about the neck by a man when fishing or
hunting, rather than that they were in actual use as a part of fishing
or hunting paraphernalia. Here we have what seems to me to be the
solution of the mystery. The charm-stone brought luck to the man in his
pursuits of game on land and fish in the sea. But it was entirely too
valuable a stone to attach to the cord and risk losing during the
fishing operations. Pursuing our study of aboriginal traits, we may, at
last, come to an understanding of the workings of the Indian mind, and
we may learn that the man placed greater faith in the potency of his
medicine, or of his charms, than he did in his actual implements made
use of in capturing game or defeating the enemy. Such things as these
plummets and other problematical forms served as charms, amulets, and
medicine-stones. But ruder things were made use of in the actual
workings necessary to achieve the desired results.
We have already seen (page 26) under which classification the Committee
places plummets. Plummets do not cover a wide range, and yet the plummet
form is doubtless an early development.
[Illustration:
FIG. 380. (S. 1–2.) Ornament and plummet. W. H. Foster collection,
Andover.
]
It was natural for man to select a bit of shell, oval in form, and
perforate it, and make of it a pendant just as he did in bright-colored
flat stones. It is quite likely that he next grooved a soft stone and
wore it as a plummet-shaped ornament. Becoming proficient in the working
of stone, he was able to groove harder materials and make of them the
plummets we find so frequently in some portions of America. I have not
attempted to subdivide plummets, although they may be long and slender,
short and thick, oval, flat on one side; or the body large, and the neck
somewhat lengthened. Plummets may also be grooved at either end, and
instead of being grooved may be perforated, as is seen in California
types.
It is well for readers and students alike to consult the large folder of
outlines (Fig. 292) which presents plummets as well as other forms.
The plummet may not only be plain, but also almost effigy-like in
character. Some of the sandstone plummets of the South, and of southern
Ohio as well, are decorated with incised lines as indicated in Fig. 360,
in which one is shown.
The New England plummets are of varying lengths, and the body may be
oval or almost globular. Occasionally, it is drawn to a point at the
base, as is observed in the central one, Fig. 377. There are also, in
this region, effigy-like plummets, and Fig. 414 shows one of these.
[Illustration:
FIG. 381. (S. 1–3.) Plummet-shaped stones from various sites in
Kentucky. Bennett H. Young’s collection, Louisville, Kentucky.
]
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