The Iroquois overran the entire territory north of the Ohio and east of the Scioto. We know that they overwhelmed the Eries, Hurons, and others, whose art was quite different. [Illustration: FIG. 482. (S. 1–2.) Oolitic limestone pipe, Hart County, Kentucky. Highly polished, a beautiful specimen. Collection of Bennett H. Young. These long effigy pipes of this type are to be found in the Smithsonian and American Museum collections. An example in the G. A. West collection, found in Ohio, is 14 inches long. ] [Illustration: FIG. 483. (S. 1–1.) From ossuary in the Township of Manvers, County of Durham, Ontario, Canada. Collection of J. G. Ogle D’Olier, Rochester, New York. ] [Illustration: FIG. 484. (S. 1–1.) From ossuary in the Township of Manvers, County of Durham, Ontario, Canada. Collection of J. G. Ogle D’Olier, Rochester, New York. ] [Illustration: FIG. 485. (S. 2–3.) Beautiful effigy pipe of a frog found in a grave at Waynesville, Ohio, overlooking the Miami River. Secured by W. K. Moorehead, 1889. Now in the Ohio State University Museum, Columbus. ] [Illustration: FIG. 486. (S. 1–2.) Frog pipe. From village-site at the mouth of Bush Creek, Adams County, Ohio. ] As I have remarked, these Iroquoian pipes are easily distinguished from other forms; they are not found in the ancient burial-places of the Mississippi Valley. The beautiful mound and grave pipes from the Ohio Valley, the middle South, and the far South, shown in Figs. 474, 477 A, 485 to 491, 494, 496, and 499, are not only of ancient lineage, but show no mark of steel tools, and do not appear to have been inspired by European civilization. On the other hand, many of the pipes referred to do appear to have been suggested by a knowledge of European art. Some of the best effigy pipes, the monitor or platform pipes, were not made of stone, but of a fine grade of fire-clay. There are also effigies in pipes of terra-cotta. In answering a letter requesting information, Professor W. C. Mills, under date of April 27, 1910, said concerning the pipes in his collection: “Of the platform pipes, ten are fire-clay, of the effigy pipes, fifteen are fire-clay, and of the tubular pipes, twenty are fire-clay. The fire-clay pipes were never burned, but were cut from original pieces of clay. Twenty of the miscellaneous pipes are made of potter’s clay.” [Illustration: FIG. 487. (S. 2–3.) An interesting human effigy found in northern Ohio, now in the collection of the Ohio State University, Columbus. ]