The Story of a Great Delusion in a Series of Matter-of-Fact ChaptersWhite, William
History
The Story of a Great Delusion in a Series of Matter-of-Fact Chapters
White, William
Vaccination
In order to complete the account of Jenner’s awards and the
adoption of Vaccination by Parliament, I have passed over several
matters of interest and significance, which I shall now proceed to
deal with, commencing with the tactics of our hero in relation to
Horsegrease.
In his _Inquiry_, published in 1798, Jenner set forth Horsegrease
as the origin of that form of Cowpox, which, when inoculated on
the human subject, ensured life-long security from Smallpox.
Many attempts were consequently made to produce pox on the teats
of cows by inoculating them with Horsegrease, but in vain; and
the possibility became discredited. Moreover, the notion of
inoculation with Horsegrease, either immediately or through the
cow, was disliked intensely. It was pronounced repulsive. Why virus
from horses’ heels should be more repulsive than virus from cows’
teats was not explained; but, as we know, there is no accounting
for tastes. Many who eat beef with relish would start with disgust
from horse-flesh. A story is told of a Wesleyan who rebuked a
sister for wearing feathers in her hat, and was sharply referred
to the existence of flowers in her own. “Yes, sister dear,” was
the cogent reply, “but we must draw the line somewhere, and it is
drawn at feathers.” The line was drawn at Horsegrease, and the
origin of Cowpox as asserted by Jenner and his country acquaintance
was conveniently denied. Jenner was not slow to perceive how the
wind of opinion was blowing, and let Horsegrease drop. He said not
a word about it in his petition to Parliament in 1802, nor did he
again advance it as a reason for consideration.
Now, why was this? Was it because he had ceased to believe that
Cowpox originated in Horsegrease? Not at all! Why, then, did he not
vindicate his opinion and confront vulgar prejudice? Simply because
he had the wit to discern, that whilst he might get something out
of the national purse for the Cowpox recipe, he could get nothing
for the Horsegrease one. As Dr. Pearson observed, “The very name
of Horsegrease was like to have wrecked the whole concern”--an
observation that Dr. Mason Good confirms in saying, “The mere idea
of using the matter of grease from the horse’s heel excited from
the first so deep and extensive a disgust that Cowpox Inoculation
had nearly fallen a sacrifice from the supposed union of the two
diseases.”
It is not to be supposed that I am censuring Jenner as a
tradesman.[142] If any of us had two patents for sale, we should
be great fools if we declined to take £30,000 for one without the
other, or suffered one to prejudice the other, or tried to inflict
any doctrine about them upon the purchaser. It is for those who
go to market to adapt themselves to the market, and remember that
sellers were made for buyers, and not buyers for sellers. Since
then the public were ready to pay for Cowpox, whilst they shuddered
at Horsegrease, it was not for Jenner to force Horsegrease upon
them.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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