Arnold mentions the fact that no writer not English mentions the saga of Scef and Scyld, and suggests that this is presumption for the English origin of the legend. I do not, however, think it is conclusive evidence. One is surprised that they are not mentioned in Icelandic literature. Yet somehow the impression on my mind is that these legends were probably brought by our Saxon and Danish ancestors from the Continent, and are taken for granted as well known to the hearers of the song. I think they probably formed part of the legendary genealogy of our common Germanic (Teutonic) ancestors, and happened to find their way into literature only among the English, or have survived only in the English. III 'BROSINGA MENE' 'Brosinga Mene,' p. 82, is the 'Brisinga-mén' mentioned in the Edda, an Icelandic poem. 'This necklace is the Brisinga-mén--the costly necklace of Freja, which she won from the Dwarfs, and which was stolen from her by Loki, as is told in the Edda' (Kemble). Loki was a Scandinavian demi-god. He was beautiful and cunning. He was the principle of strife, the spirit of evil; cp. Job's Satan. Freya was the Scandinavian Goddess of Love. She claimed half of the slain in battle. She was the dispenser of joy and happiness. The German frau is derived from Freya. Hama carried off this necklace when he fled from Eormanric. The origin of this legend, though worked up in the Edda, seems to have been German or Gothic, and 'Brosinga' has reference to the rock-plateau of Breisgau on the Rhine. It is probably a relic of the lost saga of Eormanric (see Appendix IV.), the famous Ostrogothic king referred to in Chapter XVIII. Eormanric is one of the few historical personages of the poem. IV EORMANRIC Gibbon mentions Eormanric in his chapter XXV. of the Decline and Fall, and, in spite of chronological discrepancies, this Eormanric is probably identical with the one mentioned in Beowulf (Chapter XVIII.), in Jornandes (Chapter XXIV.), and in the Edda. In Jornandes the story is as follows. Characters 1. Ermanaric. 2. A Chief of the Roxolani tribe who was a traitor. 3. Sanielh (= Swanhild) wife of the chief. 4. Sarus, } 5. Ammius, } brothers of Sanielh. Ermanaric puts Sanielh to death by causing her to be torn to pieces by wild horses, because of the treachery of her husband, the chief of the Roxolani. Her brothers, Ammius and Sarus, avenge her death by attacking Ermanaric, but they only succeed in wounding him and disabling him for the rest of his life. In the Edda the story is as follows. Characters 1. Gudrun, widow of Sigurd and Atli. 2. Swanhild, daughter of Gudrun by Sigurd. 3. Jonakur, Gudrun's third husband. 4. Sörli, } 5. Hamthir, } sons of Gudrun and Jonakur. 6. Erp, } 7. Jormunrek (Eormanric). 8. Randver, son of Jormunrek.