In the vast _répertoire_ of chamber music the following works for unusual combinations of instruments may be mentioned, although some of them are obviously more musical curiosities than works of art:— Octett, op. 32, by Liadoff (1855), a Russian composer, for piccolo, two flutes, three clarinets, harp, and campanelli (bells). Septett, op. 24, in D, by Vincent d’Indy (1851), a somewhat distinguished French musician, for trumpet, two flutes, and string quartett. Septett, op. 67, by Saint-Saëns, for trumpet, strings, and piano. Trio (humorous) by Latann, for piccolo, guitar, and trombone. Theme and Variations by Kroepsch, for tin whistle and piano. Mozart, Haydn, Hummel, Reicha, Quantz, and others have written for unusual combinations of instruments, as the list of their works will show, but only a few of these have much artistic value. Appendices. A. CHRONOLOGICAL AND BIOGRAPHICAL. B. GLOSSARY OF TERMS. Appendix A. Chronological and Biographical. 1510. =Caspar Duiffoprugcar= (Bologna); about 1510. The reputed inventor of the violin, although there can be no doubt that this instrument was a slow growth from earlier forms. 1533. =V. Galilei= (Florence), 1533-1600. Violin and lute player. Member of the celebrated circle of artists who met at the residence of Count Bardi in Florence. 1535. =Andreas Amati= (Cremona), 1535-1611. Head of the family of celebrated violin makers. 1543. =Ganassi=, a Venetian writer, mentions three varieties of violins as Viola di Soprano, di Tenore, e di Basso; and Castiglione alludes to a composition for “Quattro Viole da Arco,” which may of course be taken for the String Quartett. 1557. =Thomas Morley= (London), 1557-1604. Famous English composer, who wrote certain instrumental pieces, after the manner of chamber music, for lute, citterne, flute, treble and bass viol. He also wrote some excellent vocal music. 1567. =Claudio Monteverdi= (Cremona), 1567-1643. A composer of decided originality, who introduced a number of new effects. The tremolo for strings is first met with in his works. He was, however, chiefly a composer of the earliest form of opera. 1586. =J. Hermann Schein= (Grünhain), 1586-1630. One of the predecessors of J.S. Bach as cantor of the St. Thomas School at Leipzig. His compositions include a number of works for strings, notably twenty Partitas with five movements each. An edition of his works is now being issued by Breitkopf & Härtel. 1592. =John Jenkins= (Maidstone), 1592-1678. Chamber musician to King Charles I. and King Charles II. Composer of chamber music, among which is twelve sonatas for two violins and bass. 1598. =Salomon Rossi= (Mantua), 1598-1623. Italian musician who published various early forms of chamber music for strings.