The Story of Dutch PaintingCaffin, Charles H. (Charles Henry)
History
The Story of Dutch Painting
Caffin, Charles H. (Charles Henry)
Painting, Dutch
Occasionally, as in _The Coquette_ of the Brunswick Gallery, _A Lady at
a Spinet_, in the National Gallery, and _The Music Lesson_, owned by Mr.
Henry C. Frick, the figures display a consciousness of themselves or of
the onlooker; their personality looks out from its own surroundings. On
the other hand, it is rather a characteristic of Vermeer as of Terborch,
that the people in his pictures seem immersed in themselves. The scene
is wrapped in privacy, undisturbed by the suggestion of an outsider. But
the most signal instance of a scene, actually arranged, and posed as if
to be viewed by others, is the example of _The Artist in His Studio_, in
the Czernin Gallery, Vienna. In color and mingled breadth and delicacy
of treatment it is superb; but in place of the artist’s usual sincerity
of feeling, it is possible to detect a suspicion of affectation.
[Illustration: THE ARTIST IN HIS STUDIO JOHANNES (JAN) VERMEER
CZERNIN GALLERY, VIENNA]
A signal example of Vermeer’s sincerity and, inasmuch as it is a
portrait, unique, hangs in the Museum of Fine Arts in Budapest. It is
the _Portrait of a Lady_. She is heavy-featured and of homely type,
rather resembling the woman in the Rijks Museum picture, _The Cook_. A
white cap tightly grasps her head; a broad white collar, fastened with a
tuft of gold braid, falls over her black dress, the cuffs of which are
of white lawn. She folds her hands at the waist, one of them in a cream
kid glove, trimmed with gold braid, the other suspending its fellow,
while she holds a black fan. The face is relieved on one side by
greenish-black transparent shadows and wears an expression of dull
self-oblivion that is almost poignant and gives to the portrait a grave
distinction.
In conclusion, it is worthy of note that Vermeer’s painting-career of
scarcely more than twenty years passed from its experimental stage to a
full development from which there was no decline. He did not toward the
finish lapse from his finest ideals, like Maes and De Hooch, nor mingle
pot-boilers with masterpieces in the manner of Jan Steen. He maintained
consistently the artistic integrity of a scrupulously exacting
conscience.
JAN STEEN
JAN STEEN was the chameleon of Dutch painting. Besides genre he essayed
portraiture and Biblical subjects; alternated between small and large
canvases; at one time suggests a recollection of some other artist, by
turns Van Ostade, Terborch, Maes, Metsu, Van Mieris, or even Vermeer;
at other times is incomparably himself, and still again not infrequently
falls below his own standard. He has left more examples than any other
genre artist; for dozens mentioned in old catalogues have disappeared,
yet still some five hundred survive. He is numerously represented in
public and private collections, yet in so many styles and varieties of
quality that his artistic personality is apt to seem evasive, while the
impression he arouses is by turns one of enthusiasm, indifference, and
resentment.
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