The Story of EclipsesChambers, George F. (George Frederick)
History
The Story of Eclipses
Chambers, George F. (George Frederick)
Eclipses
When during totality any of the brighter planets, such as Mercury,
Venus, Mars, Jupiter, or Saturn, happen to be in the vicinity of the Sun
they are generally recognised; but the stars seen are usually very few,
and they are only very bright ones of the 1st or 2nd magnitudes. Perhaps
an explanation of the paucity of stars noticed is to be found in the
fact that the minds of observers are usually too much concentrated on
the Sun and Moon for any thought to be given to other things or other
parts of the sky.
Perhaps this is a convenient place in which to recall the fact that
there has been much controversy in the astronomical world during the
last 50 years as to whether there exist any undiscovered planets
revolving round the Sun within the orbit of Mercury. Whilst there is
some evidence, though slight, that one or more such planets have been
seen, opponents of the idea base their scepticism on the fact that with
so many total eclipses as there have been since 1859 (when Lescarbault
claimed to have found a planet which has been called “Vulcan”), no
certain proof has been obtained of the existence of such a planet; and
what better occasion for finding one (if one exists of any size) than
the darkness of a total solar eclipse? At present it must be confessed
that the sceptics have the best of it.
THE CORONA.
We have now to consider what I have already called the central feature
of every total eclipse. It was long ago compared to the nimbus often
placed by painters around the heads of the Virgin Mary and other saints
of old; and as conveying a rough general idea the comparison may still
stand. It has been suggested that not a bad idea of it may be obtained
by looking at a Full Moon through a wire-gauze window-screen. The Corona
comes into view a short time (usually to be measured by seconds) before
the total extinction of the Sun’s rays, lasts during totality and
endures for a brief interval of seconds (or it might be a minute) after
the Sun has reappeared. It was long a matter of discussion whether the
Corona belonged to the Sun or the Moon. In the early days of telescopic
astronomy there was something to be said perhaps on both sides, but it
is now a matter of absolute certainty that it belongs to the Sun, and
that the Moon contributes nothing to the spectacle of a total eclipse of
the Sun, except its own solid body, which blocks out the Sun’s light,
and its shadow, which passes across the Earth.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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