The Story of Great InventionsBurns, Elmer Ellsworth
History
The Story of Great Inventions
Burns, Elmer Ellsworth
Inventions -- History
Marconi's next effort was to make it possible to send any number of
messages at one time. This led to his system of tuning the sending and
receiving instruments. With this system the receiving instrument will
take a message only from a sending instrument with which it is in tune.
It is possible, therefore, for any number of wireless-telegraph stations
to operate at the same time, the waves crossing one another in all
directions without interfering, each receiver responding to the waves
intended for it. An ocean steamer can, with the tuned system, send one
message and receive another from a different station at the same time.
Marconi's ambition was to send a wireless message across the Atlantic.
Quietly he made his preparation, building at Poldhu, Cornwall, England,
a more powerful transmitter than had yet been used. At noon on the 12th
of December, 1901, he sat in a room of the old barracks on Signal Hill,
near St. Johns, Newfoundland, waiting for a signal from England. His
assistants at the Poldhu station were to telegraph across the ocean the
letter "S" at certain times each day. On the table was the receiving
apparatus, made very sensitive, and including a telephone receiver. A
wire led out of the window to a huge kite, which the furious wind held
four hundred feet above him. One kite and a balloon used for supporting
the antenna had been carried out to sea. He held the telephone receiver
to his ear for some time. The critical time had come for which he had
worked for years, for which his three hundred patents had prepared the
way, and for which his company had erected the costly power station at
Poldhu. Calmly he listened, his face showing no sign of emotion.
Suddenly there sounded the sharp click of the tapper as it struck the
coherer. After a short time Marconi handed the telephone receiver to his
assistant. "See if you can hear anything," he said. A moment later,
faintly and yet distinctly, came the three little clicks, the dots of
the letter "S" tapped out an instant before in England. Marconi's
victory was won.
A flying-machine can be equipped with a wireless-telegraph outfit, so
that a man can telegraph while flying through the air. Two men are
needed, one to operate the flying-machine, the other to send the
telegraphic messages. This has been done with the Wright machine and
with some dirigible balloons. Of course, the wireless instruments on the
flying-machine cannot be connected to the ground. Instead of the ground
connection there is a second antenna.--one antenna on each side of the
spark-gap. While in the ordinary wireless instruments the discharge
surges back and forth between the antenna and the earth, in the
flying-machine wireless the discharge surges back and forth between the
two antennæ. In the Wright machine, when equipped for wireless
telegraphy, the two antennæ are placed one under the upper plane, the
other under the lower plane of the flying-machine.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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