[Sidenote: The Work of One Man.] Like the Hermannsburg Mission, the _Gossner Mission_ owes its existence to the faith and piety of a single man. This remarkable person, _John Evangelist Gossner_, was originally a Roman Catholic priest who was banished from Bavaria because his preaching and his writing tended constantly away from orthodox Romanism. Persecuted, he declared his intention of entering the Lutheran Church, and was put through a severe examination. Proving that he held the pure faith, he was ordained about 1827. He was subsequently pastor of large congregations, among them that of which “Father” Jaenicke had been pastor. His labors knew almost no limit and included home missions, foreign missions, religious correspondence, writing and works of mercy of all kinds. That activity with which we are most concerned is the mission in India which he established on certain independent principles. He believed, for instance, that missionaries should work with their hands and thus provide for their maintenance as did the Apostle Paul. In ten years he sent out to various missionary societies eighty missionaries. In 1844 he established a mission of his own among the Kols in India. To-day the Gossner mission concentrates its efforts chiefly upon its India station. Its income was in 1913 $184,000. [Sidenote: Three Promising Societies.] Forty years had now passed since Father Jaenicke founded his missionary school and the new life of missions began. For about twenty years no societies were formed. Since that time there have been many new undertakings. Among them is the _Breklum_ or _Schleswig-Holstein Society_ which was founded in 1877 by a devoted Pastor Jensen. Its fields are India and Africa and its income was in 1913 $67,000. The _Neukirchen Society_ was founded in 1882 in the Rhine province, by Ludwig Doll, who vowed during a severe illness that if he were restored he would give his life to missions. This society labors in Africa and Java and had in 1913 an income of $30,000. Most important among the remaining Lutheran societies are that of _Neuendettelsau_ which works in Kaiser Wilhelmsland in New Guinea, and also in Australia, the _Hanover Society_ with stations in South Africa, and the _Bielefeld Society_ in East Africa. [Sidenote: German Missionary Scholarship.] Before leaving this brief introduction to the missionary labors of Germany, we must allude to the fine service paid by various Germans in the field of missionary literature. The Germans were the originators of the scientific study of missions. They have given to missions its greatest historian, Doctor Gustav Warneck, who for many years occupied at the University of Halle the only academic chair in Christendom then devoted to the teaching and study of missions, and who prepared monumental volumes discussing his beloved theme. To his study and to that of other German scholars the Lutheran Church owes much of that sobriety and thoroughness with which its mission work has been done.