The advocates were puzzled by the opposition exhibited by Senator
Cornelius Cole of California. He entertained grave doubts as to the
value of the bill. Settlers should not be excluded from such a large
area. As to the natural curiosities, they would remain. Edmunds replied
that the region was north of 40° and about seven thousand feet
elevation. Pomeroy affirmed that:
... the only object of the bill is to take early possession of it by
the United States, and set it apart, so that it cannot be included in
any claims or occupied by any settlers.[149]
Opposition was removed from the discussion by the forceful and tactful
speech made by Senator Trumbull. He reviewed the history of Yosemite and
the Big Trees in California:
I think our experience with the wonderful natural curiosity, if I may
so call it, in the Senator’s own State, should admonish us of the
propriety of passing such a bill as this.... Here is a region of
country away up in the Rocky Mountains, where there are the most
wonderful geysers on the face of the earth.... It is possible that
some person may go there and plant himself right across the only path
that leads to these wonders, and charge every man that passes along
... the gorges of these mountains a fee of a dollar or five
dollars....
I think it is a very proper bill to pass, and now is the time to enact
it.... Now, before there is any dispute as to this wonderful country,
I hope we shall except it from the general disposition of the public
lands, and reserve it to the Government.... At some future time, if we
desire to do so, we can repeal this law, if it is in anybody’s way;
but now I think it a very appropriate bill to pass.[150]
The matter was then presented for a vote, and it passed without a call
for the ayes and noes.
The progress of the Park Bill, H.R. 764, through the House was just as
sure, if not so speedy, as in the Senate. On February 27 Chairman Mark
H. Dunnell of the Public Lands Committee brought out a favorable report.
He personally was convinced by careful investigation that the bill
should pass. Henry L. Dawes clearly and forcibly explained its purpose
and observed that it went a step further than the Yosemite precedent. In
this case “the title will still remain in the United States.... This
bill treads upon no rights of the settler ... and it receives the urgent
and ardent support of the legislature of that Territory [Montana], and
of the Delegate himself....”[151]
The roll call on February 28, 1872, showed 115 ayes, 65 noes, and 60 not
voting. George W. Morgan, the minority leader, was opposed to the bill
on partisan principles in general and his personal dislike for Secretary
Delano in particular. Within ten weeks the measure had passed both
houses by large majorities, and on March 1, 1872, it received the
signature of President Ulysses S. Grant.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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