Milan (Italy) -- Description and travel; Milan (Italy) -- History
The traces of Bramante’s handiwork in Milan, where he is known to have
been employed for many years, have vanished more and more in the light
of the careful studies of recent times. But in the Church of Sta. Maria
delle Grazie we do at last come upon them, though his part in this
building also seems to be much less than was generally supposed. The
famous Dominican church, with its memories of Lodovico il Moro and
Beatrice d’Este, of Leonardo and Bramante, of the novelist Prior, Matteo
Bandello, brings us to the full Renaissance. It is in part, however, of
the transition style, and links together the earlier and later
Sforzesque periods. It was built for the Dominicans in 1465, by Count
Gaspare Vimercati, one of Francesco Sforza’s chief supporters, and
became later a special object of interest to the Moro, who, not
satisfied with its already antiquated style, began to rebuild it
completely as soon as he attained the Dukedom. His project was, however,
only carried out as far as the choir and cupola. This part used always
to be, and is still by some, attributed to Bramante, but there is no
evidence that he contributed except with his advice and influence to the
work. The great clustered pile, as it appears outside, with its
rectangular and circular projections, its panels and pilasters,
parapets, arcades, columns and candelabra, its medallions and perforated
wheels, seems typical of Renaissance ideas as interpreted by the Lombard
architects, with their dislike for simplicity and broad effects, their
fondness for broken surfaces and elaborate detail, their natural
redundancy. It is grandiose, melancholy and cold. Round the base are
shields bearing the various devices of the Sforza. The flank of the
church, with its long windows and round _oculi_, and rich terra-cotta
mouldings, is of the earlier style used by the Solari, as is also the
façade, but here in the beautiful marble portal, the only part
accomplished of the new front projected by Lodovico, we come upon what
is generally allowed to be actually Bramante’s work. Its large and
dignified character, and the pure design of the arabesques, show a great
artist, and a character foreign to the Lombard. The _scoppetta_, il
Moro’s peculiar emblem, is introduced into the pattern on the pilaster
on the right hand of the door.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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