Napoleon saw every reason for a speedy and more vigorous prosecution
of the war, which threatened to be prolonged indefinitely. The ranks
of his army had been seriously thinned, and although he had obtained
80,000 conscripts but five months before, he found it necessary to
call for a second levy of the same number, a very serious drain on the
resources of France, for in the natural order of things the young men
would not have been called upon until September 1808, eighteen months
later. The urgency of the demand is shown in the Emperor’s despatch to
Cambacérès: “It is very important that this measure should be adopted
with alacrity. A single objection raised in the Council of State or in
the Senate would weaken me in Europe, and will bring Austria upon us.
Then, it will not be two conscriptions, but three, or four, which we
shall be obliged to decree, perhaps to no purpose, and to be vanquished
at last.” To talk of defeat was not usual with Napoleon, and although
he added that he was not going “to wage war with boys,” he most
certainly did so. In June 1807 the total force at his disposal amounted
to 310,000 troops, that of the allies 130,000 men.
The capture of Königsberg not being practicable at the moment, the
fall of Danzig, an important strategic point, was eagerly anticipated
by Napoleon. The place had already endured several notable sieges,
and notwithstanding Lefebvre’s energetic measures he was not able to
send the good news that he had accomplished his purpose until the end
of May 1807. The slow progress was partly due to the number of young,
inexperienced soldiers with whom Lefebvre had to work, and also to a
certain jealousy he manifested towards the engineers, the grenadiers
being his favourites. “Your glory is in taking Danzig,” Napoleon wrote
to the old spit-fire. As 900 pieces of artillery were captured on
the fall of the great fortress at the mouth of the Vistula, it must
be conceded that the work was done well, if all too slowly for the
patience of the Chief.
On the 5th June Ney was surprised by a Russian force, the Marshal
losing 2000 men. Five days later the troops under St Cyr and Legrand
met with disaster, and 12,000 of the rank and file were killed,
wounded, or taken prisoners. These reverses were followed by the
frightful field of Friedland, fought on the 14th June, the situation
for France being alone saved by the intrepidity of Victor. The Russians
under Bennigsen, seconded by Prince Bagration, behaved with exceptional
bravery, retreating through water which reached nearly as high as their
arms. Fifteen thousand of the enemy, including many who were drowned in
their last desperate attempt to reach the opposite shore, were slain on
this the anniversary of Marengo, and nearly 8000 Frenchmen fell.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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