He loved the quiet, old-fashioned ways in which his countrymen had been used to live. Cincinnatus was his ideal of a Roman citizen, and he would fain have the nobles still live on their farms, plough their lands, and leave them only when the State demanded their service. The service rendered, Cato would have liked to see them hasten back to their homes, to plough, to sow, to reap. This was the man who, often as he spoke in the Senate, never failed to refer to Carthage before he ended. ‘Every speech which I shall make in this house,’ he sternly announced, ‘shall finish with these words, “Carthage must be destroyed.”’ One day as he spoke in the Senate he plucked some fresh figs from the folds of his toga. Holding them out that all might see, he said: ‘This fruit has been brought from Carthage. It grows but three days’ sail from Rome. I say that it is not well to have so prosperous and so strong a city near to us. Carthage must be destroyed.’ The reiteration of these words had its effect. But a reason for proclaiming war on the Carthaginians was necessary before Rome could send her armies to destroy their city. In 149 B.C. she found the pretext she wished. By the treaty made after the battle of Zama the Carthaginians had been bound not to take up arms against any ally of Rome. Yet Masinissa was left to harass them as he pleased, and he proved as troublesome a neighbour as the Carthaginians had foreseen. For half a century Carthage was true to her bond and raised no army even for her own defence. In spite of Masinissa’s raids upon her territory, the city had again become rich and populous. So it was now a simple matter to form an army and send it against their troublesome and greedy neighbour. Their army was led by a general named Hasdrubal. Rome knew all that was going on in Carthage, but for the time she did not interfere. She was watching for the time when the city would be worn out by her struggle with Masinissa. In 151 B.C. the army of Carthage took the field against her foe, and a great battle was fought. It lasted for the whole of one day, yet neither side gained a decisive victory. Masinissa, although now an old man of about ninety years of age, was still a clever general. Soon after the battle he succeeded in enticing the enemy into a tract of desert country. Here he surrounded it with his troops, who watched so closely, that it was impossible for a soldier to go out to search for succour or for provisions. Hunger and sickness soon compelled the Carthaginians to surrender at discretion. Hasdrubal and those of his men who had not perished were allowed to return to Carthage, Masinissa promising that they should go in safety. But he did not scruple to break faith with the soldiers, who were weak for want of food and unarmed, after having passed beneath the yoke. His son Gulussa was allowed to surprise the miserable men as they crept along toward Carthage, and scarcely one escaped to tell what had befallen.