The Story of Siena and San GimignanoGardner, Edmund G.
History
The Story of Siena and San Gimignano
Gardner, Edmund G.
Art -- Italy -- Siena; San Gimignano (Italy) -- History; Siena (Italy) -- History
During these years of the rule of the Twelve, the contado was
perpetually threatened by wandering bands of mercenaries--the Compagnia
Bianca, mainly Englishmen, but led by German captains; the Compagnia
della Stella; the Compagnia del Cappello of Italians, under Niccolò da
Montefeltro; the Compagnia di San Giorgio, which is associated with the
great name of John Hawkwood. These had to be compounded with, to be
guarded against by enrolling other mercenaries, to be played off against
each other. In October 1363, the Sienese, led by their Conservatore or
War-Captain, Ceccolo di Giordano Orsini, and stiffened by a strong force
of Germans and Hungarians, overtook the Compagnia del Cappello, which
was devastating the contado, in the Valdichiana, and gained a complete
victory, taking its captain and other leaders prisoners. But when, in
March 1367, they tried to play the same game with John Hawkwood and his
company of Englishmen, near Montalcinello, there was a very different
tale to tell; the Sienese were driven back to Siena in headlong rout,
their Conservatore was taken prisoner, and peace had to be purchased at
a goodly rate of golden florins. Within the city there was restless
plotting against the Twelve, followed by banishments and executions--for
this government was by no means so reluctant to lay hands upon the
nobles as the Nine had been. Realising that the feeling of the city was
turning against them, the Twelve sent a splendid embassy to receive Pope
Urban V. when he landed at the Port of Talamone (on his way to Rome in
that ineffectual, because premature, attempt to heal the leprosy of
Avignon), entered into league with him, sent horsemen under Sozzo
Bandinelli and Piero Piccolomini to support the cause of the Church at
Viterbo and Bologna. This was good so far as it went, but it did not
avert the storm that burst upon Siena in 1368.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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