One of the stories that has been repeated in more than one Southern
family relates how the old Southern servant followed his master to war;
watched over and cared for him faithfully during all the hardships of
the campaign, and finally, when that master had fallen in battle,
carried him back to his home to be buried.
There are many instances, also, of which one does not so often hear, in
which the friendship and devotion of the old servants to their master's
family continued after the Civil War was over and slavery was abolished.
Not infrequently these old slaves continued to work for their masters in
freedom much as they had done in slavery. Sometimes when the master's
family became poor, the former slave secretly supported them.
There is a story of one man who had agreed before the war broke out to
buy his freedom from his master for a certain sum. After freedom came he
continued to make the payments just the same until the entire sum was
paid, because he knew his master's family was poor and needed the money.
Another class of slaves on the big plantation was composed of the
artisans and skilled workmen of every kind, for every one of these large
plantations was organized, as nearly as possible, so as to provide for
every want of its inhabitants.
Beneath this class of skilled laborers there were the field hands, who
did all the common work under the direction of an overseer, sometimes
with the help of Negro "drivers."
In addition to all the others there was usually on every large
plantation a slave preacher, who might at the same time be a trusted
employee of one kind or another. He was at any rate a natural leader
among his own people, and often a man of great influence and authority
among the slaves, and was frequently a sort of intermediary between them
and their master.
The conditions of slavery were harder, as a rule, on the big plantations
farther South. These regions were usually peopled by a class of
enterprising persons who had come, perhaps, from Virginia or some of
the older slave states. They had removed to the new country in order to
find virgin soil, on which large fortunes were made in raising cotton.
In these regions, especially where the slaves were left in charge of an
overseer, whose sole function was to make the plantation pay, the slaves
came to be treated a great deal more like the mules and the rest of the
stock on the plantation. They were treated as if their whole reason for
existence consisted in the ability of their owners to use them to make
corn, cotton and sugar.
In spite of the bad reputation which the plantations in the far South
had among the slaves of Virginia, and in spite of the horror which all
the slaves in the border states had of being "sold South," there were
many plantations like those of Joseph and Jefferson Davis, the President
of the Southern Confederacy and his brother, where the relations between
the master and slave were as happy as one could ask or expect, under the
circumstances.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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