The hostile tribes who invaded Britain during the fifth and sixth centuries in such numbers as to conquer the whole country from the Isle of Wight to the Firth of Forth, except the mountainous districts of the west, were known as the _Engle_, the _Seaxe_ and the _Iute_.[7] Angles, Saxons and Jutes these are to us. The IUTE landed on the shores of, and established colonies in, Kent and the Isle of Wight, the former of which developed into a kingdom; the SEAXE established three kingdoms distinguished from one another in name by the adjectives South, East, and West; and separate bands of ENGLE formed the kingdoms of East Anglia, Mercia, and Northumbria. Footnote 7: _Eń-gla_, _Sék-sa_, and _Yóo-ta_, in pronunciation. It is with the last-named of these ‘Seven Kingdoms’ that we are most particularly concerned. The huge kingdom of Northumbria stretched northwards from the Humber to the Forth, and was at different times either ruled by one king or divided into two separate kingdoms—Deira, from the Humber to the Tees, and Bernicia, from the Tees to the Forth. How complete was the conquest of Britain by these invading tribes is seen in the account written by Bede, the eighth century monk of Jarrow:— They burned and harried and slew from the sea on the east to the sea on the west, and no one was able to withstand them.... Many of the miserable survivors were captured in waste places and stabbed in heaps. Some because of hunger gave themselves into the hands of their enemies, to be their slaves for ever in return for food and clothing; some departed sorrowfully over the sea; some remained fearfully in their native land, and with heavy hearts lived a life of want in the forests and waste places and on the high cliffs. The completeness of the conquest may be seen also in the fact that the language of the Britons was replaced by that of the invaders. The Angles, Saxons and Jutes spoke a language entirely different from the Keltic language of the Britons; but except in the Highlands of Scotland, in Wales, and in the Isle of Man—the parts to which the invaders did not penetrate—the language spoken to-day is ENGLISH and the name of the country itself is ENGLA-LAND, the land of the _Engle_. * * * * * Very definite evidence of the places chosen by the Angles for settlement can be found on the map of the East Riding. Where the head of the household decided to ‘pitch his tent’ a piece of land was enclosed with a _tūn_,[8] or hedge, and the dwelling erected within it became his new _hām_,[8] or home. Such was the origin of our numerous towns and villages whose names now end in the syllables _ton_ and _ham_. In many cases the name of the family is enshrined in the name of the settlement. Thus the Locings—the sons of Loc—the Essings, the Brantings, the Eoferings, and the Hemings gave their names respectively to Lockington, Easington, Brantingham, Everingham, and Hemingbrough.