Two years after the last record Alfred, King of the West Saxons, made with Guthrum, the Danish leader, a treaty by which all Northern and Eastern England—all England, that is, north of Watling Street, the Roman road leading from London to Chester—was ceded to the Danes to be ruled according to their laws. Henceforth this district becomes known as the DANELAGH. So history goes on repeating itself. For just as the Angles and Saxons had warred against the Britons, and then made settlements and turned to forest-clearing and ploughing, sowing and reaping; so a few centuries later came the Danes to make war upon them in turn, and finally to take possession of uncleared and hitherto unclaimed lands whereon to make for themselves new homes. Very numerous settlements were made by the Danes in the part of England known as the Danelagh, and most of these may be recognised by the village names of to-day. What to an Angle were a _tūn_ and a _wīc_[13] were to a Dane a _bȳr_[13] and a _thorp_. Hence the name-endings _by_ and _thorp_ denote respectively the sites of a Danish farmhouse and a Danish village; and it is interesting to pick out such names on a large-scale map, and see how they occur in groups or succeed one another along the line of an old highway. Footnote 13: Pronounced _week_ and _beer_, respectively. Thus in the East Riding, within a radius of five miles of the Anglian settlements of Bridlington and Hessle, we shall find the Danish names Hilderthorpe, Wilsthorpe, Fraisthorpe, Haisthorpe, Caythorpe, Carnaby, Bessingby, Sewerby; and Anlaby, Willerby, Skidby, Wauldby, Tranby, Ferriby. Other groups will be found round York, Malton, and Pocklington. The best example of the occurrence of a succession of Danish names along the line of an ancient highway is to be found on the other side of the Humber. Here, along the road from the Humber to the old Roman station at Caistor, passing through the Anglian settlements of Horkstow and Brigg, there are no fewer than fifteen villages whose names end in _by_, and one of them has in addition the suffix _Thorpe_.[14] Footnote 14: There are more Danish place names in Lincolnshire than in all the rest of England south of the Humber. North of the Humber the largest number is to be found in the East Riding. [Illustration: DANISH SETTLEMENTS IN A PORTION OF NORTH LINCOLNSHIRE.] Place names ending in _by_ and _thorp_ by no means exhaust the list of Danish settlements. A complete list of name-endings which are Norse in origin would include the following:—