V. The Building of the _Griffon_, 1678–1679 49 VI. La Salle on the Great Lakes, 1679 61 VII. A Hapless French Governor, 1682–1684 73 PART II THE STRUGGLE FOR POSSESSION VIII. The Founding of Detroit, 1701 87 IX. Niagara and the Loss of Canada, 1759 101 X. The Conspiracy of Pontiac, 1763–1764 113 XI. The Adventures of a Trader, 1761–1764 135 XII. Wayne’s Indian Campaign, 1794 151 XIII. The Great Lakes in the War of 1812 165 XIV. The Conquest of Lake Erie, 1813 179 XV. General Lewis Cass and Reorganization 1813–1832 191 XVI. The Black Hawk War, 1832 201 PART III OCCUPATION AND DEVELOPMENT XVII. Gateways of the Great Lakes, 1600–1900 217 XVIII. The Story of a Road, 1600–1900 228 XIX. Before and after the Turnpike, 1796–1811 242 XX. The Erie Canal, 1825 251 XXI. The Great Lakes in 1840 266 XXII. The Coming of the Railroad to Lake Erie, 1836–1853 283 XXIII. Lincoln and Douglas in Chicago, 1858–1861 299 XXIV. The Great Lakes in the Civil War, 1864 317 XXV. Three Great Industries of the Lakes 330 XXVI. Shipping on the Lakes 356 XXVII. The Development of the City 374 A BRIEF LIST OF BOOKS 385 INDEX 393 MAPS AND ILLUSTRATIONS MAPS PAGE Huron--Erie--Ontario 12 From Lake Michigan to the Mississippi 202 Gateways of the Lakes 223 By Trail and Turnpike to Lake Erie 232 By Canal and Railroad to Lake Erie 284 ILLUSTRATIONS La Salle _Frontispiece_ The “Soo” Canal _facing page_ 8 Niagara Falls as sketched by Hennepin ” 52 La Barre and Grangula ” 76 A View of Niagara Fort ” 104 Black Hawk ” 204 Through the Locks at Lockport ” 256 Chicago in 1831 ” 278 An Early Lake Superior Copper Mine ” 348 Iron Ore at a Lake Superior Port ” 352