General Wayne completed his conquest by marching back to Fort Recovery,
and thence westward to the Miami towns at the junction of St. Mary’s
and St. Joseph’s rivers, the scene of Harmar’s disaster. The Indians
dared offer no resistance, but fled before his triumphant army. Along
his route he burned their villages, and at the meeting-place of the
rivers he built the fort which was to perpetuate his name to the
present day, Fort Wayne. Then he returned to Greenville for the winter.
Meanwhile the anger of the Indians had been stirred by the inaction of
their British allies, who had urged them on to war but had furnished
no troops from Detroit. A new respect had been called forth for the
Americans. All the winter Wayne received at Greenville delegations from
various Indian tribes, and in the summer of 1795 a formal treaty was
signed, in which Wayne, representing the United States, made peace with
all the western tribes. Eleven hundred and thirty Indians assembled,
making a full representation from all tribes previously hostile.
Gathered about the council-fire and supplied with a pile of wampum
strings, the chiefs and the American general conferred day after day
as the various groups of Indians arrived during the months of June and
July. The record of their speeches is eighty pages long and carries
one back to the days when Champlain and Frontenac conferred with their
Indian children and received their repentant promises of good behavior
in the future; but now Wayne was addressed by the chiefs as “Elder
Brother,” and he called them always his younger brothers.
By the treaty of Greenville the Indians ceded to the United States
all of what is now southern Ohio and southeastern Indiana, various
reservations about the forts of Detroit, Michilimackinac, and those
which Wayne had built, a six-mile tract at Chicago, and a large grant
of land near the Falls of the Ohio. The government, in its turn,
agreed to the Indian title to the remaining country, and promised
to pay the tribes large annuities. Both sides were to return all
prisoners. Wayne, by his skill at warfare, had brought to the borders
a peace that lasted for fifteen years, when new conditions brought new
difficulties.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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