The Story of the Great War, Volume 2: History of the European War from Official Sources
History
The Story of the Great War, Volume 2: History of the European War from Official Sources
World War, 1914-1918
The disposition and arrangement of the German forces is next to be
considered. It can be assumed that their objective was Paris. It is also
worthy of remembrance that the German tactical method has always favored
the envelopment of the enemy's flanks rather than a frontal attack
aiming to pierce the enemy's center, which latter was a favorite method
of Napoleon I to reach decision.
The tactical method of envelopment demands great numerical superiority,
and on account of the extreme extension of front necessitated is apt to
become dangerous as perforce the center is left weak. Attempts to
envelop, with which the observer is confronted again and again when
considering the military movements of the Central Powers on the western
battle front, were revealed on the morning of September 3, 1914, in the
position occupied by the German forces, and, correspondingly, in the
arrangement of the allied armies.
The German right, on September 3, 1914, and September 4, 1914, at which
time it was nearest to its desired goal of Paris, held the banks of the
Marne from Epernay to the banks of the little tributary the Ourcq, which
runs into the Marne from the north. This extreme right comprised the
Second Corps and the Fourth Reserve Corps, encamped on the western bank
of the little stream the Ourcq; while the Fourth Corps was given the
honor of the tip of the right, being camped on the Marne at La
Ferte-sous-Jouarre, supported by the Third Corps, the Seventh Corps and
the Seventh Corps Reserve. The Ninth Cavalry Division occupied an
advanced position west of Crecy and the Second Cavalry Division occupied
an advanced position near the British army, north of Coulommiers. These
troops constituted the First German Army, under the command of General
von Kluck.
The Allies' left, confronting this position, held strong reserves, and
by the nature of the ground itself, was well placed to prevent any
enveloping movement, dear to the German school of military tactics. It
rested securely on the fortress of Paris, believed by its constructors
to be the most fully fortified city in the world, and should the German
right endeavor to encircle the left wing of the Allies, should it
develop a farther westerly movement, it would but come in contact with
the outer line of those defenses and thence be deflected in such an
enormous arc as to thin the line beyond the power of keeping it strong
enough to resist a piercing attack at all points. Clearly, then, as long
as the extreme left of the Allies remained in contact with the defenses
of Paris, an enveloping movement was not possible on the easterly flank.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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