Appalachian Mountains, denudation of the, 239, 305-309. Aqueous rocks, 154. Archæan Era, 324. Arctic flora, 121. "Arthur's Seat," 277. Ashes, volcanic, 245, 251, 260. Atlantic ooze, 172. Atmosphere, effects produced by the, 209. rarefaction of, 79. Avalanches, 89. Badger, the, in Alps, 128. Baltic Sea, changes in, 182. Barrier reef, of Australia, 170. Basalt, of Hebrides, 278. of Snowdon, 272. Basin, the Great, of United States, 313. Bear, brown, 125. black, 126. Beaver, the, in Alps, 128. Bergfalls, 97. Bernina, the, fall of rocks from, 98. Bird, Miss (Mrs. Bishop), on eruption of Kilauea, 262. Birds, of Alps, 134. Blueness of the sky, 75. Bombs, volcanic, 253. Bonney, Prof., on mountain legends, 23. on effects of the Alps in Europe, 48. on wind on mountain-tops, 84. on Alpine plants, 115. on forms of mountains, 294. Boulders, erratic, 225. Bouquetin, the, in Alps, 133. Britain, Great, rainfall of, 42. Building up of mountains, 174. Butterflies, in Alps, 138. Buzzard, the, in Alps, 136. Cader Idris, volcano rocks of, 272. Cainozoic Era, 324. Callao, 189. Cambrian rocks, 296, 324. Canisp Mountain, 297. Cañons of Colorado, 221. Carbonic acid in atmosphere, 210. Carboniferous Period, 324. Catastrophes, 215. Caves, human remains, etc., in, 31. Celsius, on elevation of Gulf of Bothnia, 178. Chalk, Cretaceous rocks composed of, 325. origin of. See Limestones. Challenger, H. M. S., expedition of, 251. Chamois, the, in Alps, 130. Characteristics of mountain races, 14. China clay, 292. Classification of rocks, 157. Cleavage of slates, 151, 340. Coniferous trees, region of, 111. Contortions in strata, 298, 311. Contraction and expansion of rocks, 208. Contraction theory of earth-movements, 338. Coral reefs, 170. Cotopaxi, 259. Crystalline schists, 312. Darwin, Charles, on elevation of the Andes, 189. Deciduous trees, mountain region of, 110. Dent de Mayen, 99. Dent du Midi, fall of rock from, 98. Denudation, 220, 229, 288, 312. Devonian rocks, 324. Diablerets, fall of rock from, 98. Dislocations of mountain rocks, 313, 315. Dust, volcanic, 245, 260. Dykes, 245. Eagle, the golden, 136. Earth-pillars in Tyrol, 221. Earthquakes, 95, 102, 196. effects of, 198, 336. causes of, 198, 200. Lucretius on, 199. Earth-tremors, 194. Elevation of mountains, 146, 200, 202, 299, 336. continents, 298-299. Encrinites, 171. Eocene Period, 324. Equador and Peru, earthquake of, 197. Eras, geological, 324. Eruptions, volcanic, 247. Fairies, 5. Falcon, the, in Alps, 136. "Fan-structure," 310.