"Faults" and fractures, 200, 313. Features characteristic of mountains, 177. Ferns, 118. Fishes, Age of, 322. Fissures, 268. Föhn, the, 84. Foraminifera, 172. Fox, the, in Alps, 127. Frog, the, in Alps, 137. Frost, effects of, on mountain rocks, 212. Game-birds, in Alps, 137. Ganges and Brahmapootra, 167. Geikie, Sir A., on influence of Scottish scenery, 21. on the Highland plateau, 284. on the mountains of West Sutherland, 296. Giant's Causeway, basalt of, 279. Glace, Mer de, 229. Glacial drifts, 227. Glacial region of vegetation in Alps, 116. Glaciers, erosive power of, 228. Glare from snow in Alps, 76. Gneiss, 156, 292. Gold and silver in mountains, 61. in the earth, 350. Grampians, 276. Granite, 210. weathering of, 291. in mountain-chains, 312. Greenland, elevation of, 186. Green slates and porphyries, 275. Gulf Stream, 42. Hare, the, in Alps, 128. Hawaii, 256. Heat, effects of, on rocks, 154, 156, 160. underground, of the earth, 338, 345. Hebrides, former volcanic action in, 278. Height, influence of, on vegetation, 107. Herculaneum, 254. Highest cluster of houses in the world, 79. Highlands of Scotland, 284. Himalayas, description of, 6. Hutton, 142, 320. Iberian, or pre-Celtic race, 30. Ice Age, the, 65, 123. Ice, as a geological agent, 223. Igneous rocks, 155. Imbaburu, eruption of mud from, 259. Implements of stone, 31. Jackdaw, the, in Alps, 136. Jura Mountains, 300, 306. Jurassic rocks, 324. Kilauea, eruption of. (See Bird, Miss.) Kite, the, in Alps, 136. Krakatoa, 252. Labrador, elevation of, 192. Lake District, denudation of, 220. volcanic rocks of, 275. Lakes, origin of, 47. Lateral pressure, applied to mountains, 310, 315, 337. Lichens and mosses. (See Ruskin.) Limestones, origin of, 151, 153, 169. Lisbon, earthquake at, 197. Livingstone, on splitting of rocks, 212. Lizard, the, in Alps, 137. Lyell, Sir Charles, 333. Lynx, the, in Alps, 128. Mal de montagne, 80. Mammals, age of, 322. Marmot, the, in Alps, 129. Mauna Loa, eruption of, 256. Mendip Hills, 327. Mer de Glace. (See Glace.) Metals, precious, 60. in the earth, 349. Metamorphic rocks, 156, 157, 298, 330. Mica-schist, 156, 293. Miller, Hugh, 150. Milne, Prof., on earth-pulsations, 193. Minor cones of volcanoes, 246. Miocene Period, 278, 324. Mississippi, denudation by the, 232. Moel Tryfaen, raised beach in, 186. Mont Blanc, 310. Monte Conto, downfall of, in 1618, 101. Monte Nuovo, 248. Moraines, 225. Mountain limestone, 152.